Continuous Flow Reactor for Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol by Hydrogen Peroxide

Zhang, Li; Liu, Huihui; Li, Guiying; Hu, Changwei

doi:10.1088/1674-0068/25/05/585-591

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…The highly dispersed VO x nanoparticles (NPs) were found to be highly efficient for the hydroxylation of benzene. As one of the most interesting solid materials, carbon materials (such as activated carbon, MWCNTs, and graphene) can act as catalysts by themselves [25][26][27] or serve as supports for other active phase [28][29][30][31][32]. Nowadays, the vanadium oxide/carbon composites have attracted increasing attentions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Vanadium Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Catalysts for Enhanced Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol

et al. 2016

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Abstract:The vanadium oxide/reduced graphene oxide (VO x /RGO) composites have been prepared by a simple solvothermal method with the assistance of cationic surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The microstructure and morphology of the resultant VO x /RGO composites have been well characterized. The VO x nanoparticles are highly dispersed on the RGO sheets with a particle size of about 25 nm. When used as hydroxylation catalysts, the VO x /RGO composites are more efficient than individual RGO and vanadium oxide catalysts. The enhanced catalytic performance may be related to not only the well dispersed VO x active species, but also the hydrophobic surface and huge π-electron system of RGO for the adsorption and activation of benzene. In addition, the effects of calcination conditions on the microstructure and catalytic properties of VO x /RGO composites have also been investigated. The uniform VO x nanoparticles on the separated RGO sheets show highly efficient catalytic performance, while the formation of aggregated H x V 2 O 5 and bulk V 2 O 5 species along with the destruction of RGO sheets are poor for the hydroxylation of benzene. Up to 17.4% yield of phenol is achieved under the optimized catalytic reaction conditions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Facile Synthesis of Vanadium Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Catalysts for Enhanced Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol

et al. 2016

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“…In our previous work, an activated carbon catalyst was found to be efficient for the direct hydroxylation of benzene [23,24]. However, the repeated use of the activated carbon catalyst requires cumbersome treatments, and the yield of phenol was not high enough.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol over TS-1 Catalysts

et al. 2018

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We synthesized a TS-1 catalyst to directly hydroxylate benzene to phenol with H 2 O 2 as oxidant and water as solvent. The samples were characterized by FT-IR (Fourier Transform Infrared), DR UV-Vis (Diffused Reflectance Ultraviolet Visible), XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM(scanning electron microscope), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope), XPS (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy), ICP (inductively coupled plasma spectrum), and N 2 adsorption-desorption. A desirable phenol yield of 39% with 72% selectivity was obtained under optimized conditions: 0.15 g (0.34 to the mass of benzene) TS-1, 5.6 mmol C 6 H 6 , reaction time 45 min, 0.80 mL H 2 O 2 (30%), 40.0 mL H 2 O, and reaction temperature 70 • C. The reuse of the TS-1 catalyst illustrated that the catalyst had a slight loss of activity resulting from slight Ti leaching from the first run and then kept stable. Almost all of the Ti species added in the preparation were successfully incorporated into the TS-1 framework, which were responsible for the good catalytic activity. Extraframework Ti species were not selective for hydroxylation.

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Carbon Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Benzene with Dioxygen to Phenol over Surface Carbonyl Groups

Shan

Cai

et al. 2019

ChemCatChem

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Carbon materials are promising environmentally-benign heterogeneous catalysts but design of effective carbon catalysts with comparable or even superior performance to metal-based ones is highly challengeable. Herein, N-doped mesoporous carbons with the surface enriched with abundant oxygen species were synthesized by a facile hydrothermal doping strategy in the self-assembly of phenolic resin, followed with a carbonization process. Direct hydroxylation of benzene to phenol with O 2 as the sole oxidant was effectively catalyzed by these carbons, affording a yield superior or comparable to previous efficient transition metal and even noble metal-based catalysts. The catalyst is facilely recovered and stably reused. The surface carbonyl groups are the active sites for O 2 activation (rate determining step) to generate hydroxyl radicals, which are the reactive oxygen species to oxidize the benzene. This methodology is readily extendable to the oxidation of various other benzene derivatives.[a] W.

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Continuous Flow Reactor for Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol by Hydrogen Peroxide

Cited by 8 publications

References 31 publications

Facile Synthesis of Vanadium Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Catalysts for Enhanced Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol

Facile Synthesis of Vanadium Oxide/Reduced Graphene Oxide Composite Catalysts for Enhanced Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol

Direct Hydroxylation of Benzene to Phenol over TS-1 Catalysts

Carbon Catalyzed Hydroxylation of Benzene with Dioxygen to Phenol over Surface Carbonyl Groups

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