Continuous‐Flow Suzuki‐Miyaura and Mizoroki‐Heck Reactions under Microwave Heating Conditions

Abstract

Microwave-assisted continuous-flow reactions have attracted significant interest from synthetic organic chemists, especially process chemists from practical points of view, due to a less complicated shift to large-scale synthesis based on simple and continuous access to products with low energy requirements. In this personal account, we focused on the Suzuki-Miyaura and Mizoroki-Heck reactions, both of which are significantly important cross-coupling reactions for the synthesis of various functional materials. Microwave power is effective for heating. Typical homogeneous palladium catalysts, such as PdCl (PPh ) , Pd(PPh ) , and Pd(OAc) , as well as heterogeneous palladium catalysts, such as Pd-film, Pd/Al O , Pd/SiO , and Pd supported on polymers, can be used for these reactions.

Functionalization of the imidazo[1,2-a]pyridine ring in α-phosphonoacrylates and α-phosphonopropionates via microwave-assisted Mizoroki–Heck reaction

“…The Mizoroki-Heck reaction-assisted functionalization of 6-bromoimidazo[1,2-a]pyridine-3-carbaldehyde [12], a precursor of compounds 1 and 2, was successfully achieved. We used tri(o-tolyl)phosphine (P(o-tol) 3 , palladium(II) acetate (Pd(OAc) 2 ) and obtained the desired product (E)-benzyl 3-(6- Recently, multiple variants for the application of microwave heating for conducting Mizoroki-Heck reactions have been reported, including the use of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysts, as well as continuous-flow conditions [13][14][15]. Therefore, we tested microwave heating, a technique which is known for significant acceleration of the C-C coupling reaction [16].…”

Site-Isolated Azobenzene-Containing Metal–Organic Framework for Cyclopalladated Catalyzed Suzuki-Miyuara Coupling in Flow

“…Indeed, PCN-160-Pd was demonstrated to have outstanding catalytic activity for the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction for a variety of substrates. We also report the application of PCN-160-Pd within a packed column for catalysis under microflow conditions, showing the potential of this system for continuous and portable production in an industrial setting. , …”

In situ study of metal leaching from Pd/Al2O3 induced by K2CO3

“…Alumina is widely used as a support of Pd nanoparticles (NPs) for Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions, [20][21][22][23] where leaching was reported to occur under mild conditions (338 K). 20,21,24,25 Catalyst activity is associated with the amount of Pd 2+ present in alumina-based catalysts.…”