Continuous glucose monitoring: a systematic review of sensor systems and prospects

Ray, Partha Pratim

doi:10.1108/sr-12-2017-0268

Cited by 12 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 66 publications

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“…[16][17][18][19][20] Many CGMs have been approved to use for up to 3-7 days postimplantation but constant finger-prick was required to periodically recalibrate the sensor. [21][22][23] Recently (September 27, 2017), Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the FreeStyle Libre Flash system from Abbott as a stand-alone glucose monitoring device, which can be used for up to 10 days without requiring fingerstick blood calibrations. 24 Soon afterward (March 27, 2018), Dexcom G6 CGM, a head-to-head competing technology from Dexcom was also approved by FDA, which can be worn for up to 10 days with zero fingerstick blood testing.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Response to Subcutaneous Infusion Catheter

Zhang

Cao

2019

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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Insulin infusion pump, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), and insulin infusion set (IIS) have been developed to be increasingly feasible for people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Several recently approved CGMs are transitioning from 7-day to 10-day wear time without the need for fingerprick recalibration. Nevertheless, studies and improvements on IIS, a critical part of insulin pump therapy, have been limited. In particular, the recommended wear time of IIS is still 2-3 days, which can hardly match the current duration of CGM for potential closed-loop system development. It is generally believed that both the inserted catheter and the subsequent infused insulin drug could induce particular subcutaneous tissue response and skin-related complications at the infusion site. In certain cases, poor glycaemic control, increased risk of hypoglycemia, and serious cosmetic impact on people with diabetes were observed. Skin complication has also been attributed as an important factor resulting users to discontinue insulin pump therapy. This article provides the rare systematic review of IIS induced subcutaneous tissue responses and skin complications, including the impacts from the inserted catheters, the subcutaneous infused insulin, and the adhesive or tape used to immobilize the catheter. The FDA’s recommendation for the frequency of IIS change was further discussed. Future studies on this topic are required to further understand the IIS-related problems, and future strategies could be developed accordingly to significantly reduce the incidence of these problems, extend the wear time, and increase the acceptance of insulin pump based therapy.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Response to Subcutaneous Infusion Catheter

Zhang

Cao

2019

J Diabetes Sci Technol

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“…Similar work related to wireless skin-response feedback model is conducted using multi-sensor approach (Ouwerkerk et al , 2013; Saleheen et al , 2015). Stress related to catching cold and skin conductance are measured; however, use of IoT is also mentioned in many articles (Ray, 2018; Ray et al , 2017; Silverthorn and Michael, 2013; Storm et al , 2002). Blood pressure is related to stress level; hence, work-space-based stress monitoring has been undertaken in the past (Vrijkotte et al , 2010).…”

Section: Results Testing and Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis and monitoring of IoT-assisted human physiological galvanic skin responsefactor for smart e-healthcare

Ray

Dash

2019

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Purpose Background: Every so often, one experiences different physically unstable situations which may lead to possibilities of suffering through vicious physiological risks and extents. Dynamic physiological activities are such a key metric that they are perceived by means of measuring galvanic skin response (GSR). GSR represents impedance of human skin that frequently changes based on different human respiratory and physical instability. Existing solutions, paved in literature and market, focus on the direct measurement of GSR by two sensor-attached leads, which are then parameterized against the standard printed circuit board mechanism. This process is sometimes cumbersome to use, resulting in lower user experience provisioning and adaptability in livelihood activities. The purpose of this study is to validate the novel development of the cost-effective GSR sensing system for affective usage for smart e-healthcare. Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes to design and develop a flexible circuit strip, populated with essential circuitry assemblies, to assess and monitor the level of GSR. Ordinarily, this flexible system would be worn on the back palm of the hand where two leads would contact two sensor strips worn on the first finger. Findings The system was developed on top of Pyralux. Initial goals of this work are to design and validate a flexible film-based GSR system to detect an individual’s level of human physiological activities by acquiring, amplifying and processing GSR data. The measured GSR value is visualized “24 × 7” on a Bluetooth-enabled smartphone via a pre-incorporated application. Conclusion: The proposed sensor-system is capable of raising the qualities such as adaptability, user experience, portability and ubiquity for possible application of monitoring of human psychodynamics in a more cost-effective way, i.e. less than US$50. Practical implications Several novel attributes are envisaged in the development process of the GSR system that made it different from and unique as compared to the existing alternatives. The attributes are as follows: (i) use of reproductive sensor-system fabrication process, (ii) use of flexible-substrate for hosting the system as proof of concept, (iii) use of miniaturized microcontroller, i.e. ATTiny85, (iv) deployment of energy-efficient passive electrical circuitry for noise filtering, (v) possible use case scenario of using CR2032 coin battery for provisioning powering up the system, (vi) provision of incorporation of internet of things (IoT)-cloud integration in existing version while fixing related APIs and (vii) incorporation of heterogeneous software-based solutions to validate and monitor the GSR output such as MakerPlot, Arduino IDE, Fritzing and MIT App Inventor 2. Originality/value This paper is a revised version R1 of the earlier reviewed paper. The proposed paper provides novel knowledge about the flexible sensor system development for GSR monitoring under IoT-based environment for smart e-healthcare.

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“…A typical CGM system usually consists of a glucose recognition element, a physical or chemical transducer element, a wireless transmitter element, and a receiver. [17,24] The glucose recognition element provides high selectivity towards glucose and plays a key role in the success of CGM. The function of the transducer element is to convert the glucose concentration to a measurable analytical signal.…”

Section: Evolution Of Cgmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[11] The topics of CGM have been covered in excellent reviews. [5][6][7][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] In this paper, we review the evolution of CGM, as well as wearable CGM biosensors. Our emphasis is placed on three main artificial intelligence (AI) applications for CGM biosensors: closed-loop control algorithms, glucose predictions, and calibrations (Figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Artificial intelligence biosensors for continuous glucose monitoring

Jin

Cai

et al. 2023

Interdisciplinary Materials

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Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms in combination with continuous monitoring technologies have the potential to revolutionize chronic disease management. The recent innovations in both continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) and the closed‐loop highlight the far‐reaching potential of AI biosensors for individual healthcare. This review summarizes some of the most advanced progress made in CGM biosensing. We will focus on three main applications of AI algorithms in diabetes management: closed‐loop control algorithms, glucose predictions, and calibrations. The challenges and opportunities of AI technologies for CGM in individualized and proactive medicine will also be discussed.

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Continuous glucose monitoring: a systematic review of sensor systems and prospects

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Tissue Response to Subcutaneous Infusion Catheter

Tissue Response to Subcutaneous Infusion Catheter

Analysis and monitoring of IoT-assisted human physiological galvanic skin responsefactor for smart e-healthcare

Artificial intelligence biosensors for continuous glucose monitoring

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