Continuous glucose monitoring for the routine care of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ajjan, Ramzi A.; Battelino, Tadej; Cos, Xavier; Del Prato, Stefano; Philips, Jean-Christophe; Meyer, Laurent; Seufert, Jochen; Seidu, Samuel

doi:10.1038/s41574-024-00973-1

Nat Rev Endocrinol

2024

DOI: 10.1038/s41574-024-00973-1

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Continuous glucose monitoring for the routine care of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Ramzi A. Ajjan,

Tadej Battelino,

Xavier Cos

et al.

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Cited by 11 publications

References 198 publications

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Perspective of Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Based Interventions at the Various Stages of Type 2 Diabetes

Ajjan,

Seidu,

Riveline

2024

Diabetes Ther

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Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) is now advocated for the clinical management of individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, this glucose monitoring strategy is not routinely used in type 2 diabetes (T2D), given the large population, significant cost implications and relatively limited supporting evidence. T2D is a more heterogenous condition compared with T1D with various glucose lowering therapies that do not necessarily require CGM to ensure within target glucose levels. While all individuals with T2D may benefit from CGM at certain time points, the whole T2D population does not necessarily require this technology continuously, which should be prioritized based on patient benefit and cost effectiveness. In this pragmatic opinion piece, we describe the rationale and evidence for CGM use in different subgroups of individuals with T2d, divided according to the stage of the condition, glycemic therapies, presence of diabetes complications, or associated co-morbidities. We discuss a total of 16 T2D subgroups and provide a clinical view on CGM use in each, based on current evidence while also highlighting areas of knowledge gaps. This work provides health care professionals with a simple guide to CGM use in different T2D groups and gives suggestion for future studies to justify expansion of this technology.

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Perspective of Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Based Interventions at the Various Stages of Type 2 Diabetes

Ajjan,

Seidu,

Riveline

2024

Diabetes Ther

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Minimal mathematical model for glycation of albumin

Stickle,

DiNatale,

Molinaro

2024

Clinical Biochemistry

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Long-Term Improvements in Glycemic Control with Dexcom CGM Use in Adults with Noninsulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes

Layne,

Jepson,

Carite

et al. 2024

Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics

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Continuous glucose monitoring for the routine care of type 2 diabetes mellitus

Cited by 11 publications

References 198 publications

Perspective of Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Based Interventions at the Various Stages of Type 2 Diabetes

Perspective of Continuous Glucose Monitoring-Based Interventions at the Various Stages of Type 2 Diabetes

Minimal mathematical model for glycation of albumin

Long-Term Improvements in Glycemic Control with Dexcom CGM Use in Adults with Noninsulin-Treated Type 2 Diabetes

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