Continuous immunosensing of myoglobin in human serum as potential companion diagnostics technique

Critical overview on the application of sensors and biosensors for clinical analysis

“…They found acceptable variations in myoglobin levels over 8 hours with periodic one-point calibration every 3 hours (average CV of 4.91%), when tested in real serum samples. Thus, Kim et al [103] recommended using the immunosensor along with real-time electrocardiographic measurement, for significantly more sensitive diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction diagnosis, thereby facilitating treatment at an early stage [103]. Table 4 includes the figures of merit for current sensors and biosensors (studies published between 2011 and 2015) to compare their analytical performance in detecting 1) hormones such as cortisol; 2) biomolecules such as glucose and cholesterol; and 3) neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, epinephrine, norepinephrine and dopamine.…”

“…Their presence did significantly alter (±5% variation) the result, compared with the negative control, except for the presence of bilirubin [100]. Zapp et al [102] and Kim et al [103] also recently developed immunosensors for myoglobin detection, as shown in Table 2, based on electrochemical and optical transduction principles, respectively. The electrochemical immunosensor offers a lower LOD (6.29 ng mL −1 ) but a more narrow linear range (9.96-72.8 ng mL −1 ) than those optical immunosensors (31.0 ng mL −1 and 100-1000 ng mL −1 , respectively).…”

“…The immunosensor fabricated by Zapp et al [102] is limited by the lack of validity in real samples; only simulated serum samples with myoglobin were used. Kim et al [103] proposed an optical immunosensor based on SPR, which functions continuously in real time, reproducibly. They found acceptable variations in myoglobin levels over 8 hours with periodic one-point calibration every 3 hours (average CV of 4.91%), when tested in real serum samples.…”

Application of a fluorescent biosensor based‐on magneto‐γ‐Fe2O3–methyldopa nanoparticles for adsorption of human serum albumin

“…At present, there are many reports for the determination of biomolecules, such as IgE , myoglobin , dopamine , C‐reactive protein , procaterol hydrochloride , cefditoren pivoxil , nicotinamide by using analytical methods. Quantification of albumin is clinically important, as it has been found to be an effective prognostic indicator.…”

Detection of cardiac biomarker proteins using a disposable based on a molecularly imprinted polymer grafted onto graphite

“…Some authors have developed immunoassay methods with fluorescence detection of high sensitivity [12][13][14]. Other immunoassay formats include fluorescence polarization, [15] resonance energy transfer, [16][17][18] and long-lived lanthanide emission [7,18,19], Chemiluminescence [20] and high-performance size-exclusion chromatography [21] have been also reported in the literature. Electrochemical assays based on immune-analysis [22], direct voltammetry in polyacrylamide hydrogels [23] and electrocatalytic reduction of H2O2 by myoglobin on carbon nanotube electrodes have also been reported [24].…”