Continuous Liquid-Level Sensor Based on a Long-Period Grating and Microwave Photonics Filtering Techniques

Ricchiuti, Amelia Lavinia; Barrera, David; Urrutia, Aitor; Goicoechea, Javier; Arregui, Francisco J.; Sales, Salvador

doi:10.1109/jsen.2015.2504131

Cited by 35 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…To date, many different types of fiber optic sensors for liquid level measurement have been proposed. For instance, based on the long-period fiber grating (LPFG) [8], fiber Bragg grating (FBG) [9]- [11], anti-resonance reflection guidance principle [12] and fiber modal interferometer [13] liquid level sensors came out one after another.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

High-Sensitivity Liquid Level Sensor Based on the Balloon-Shaped Fiber Optic MZI

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We demonstrated a high-sensitivity liquid level sensor based on the balloon-shaped fiber Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). To make an optical fiber MZI sensor, a bare single mode fiber (SMF) is bent into a balloon shape. The sensor is attached to a stiff support and linked to a buoyancy ball floating on the liquid surface via a thin thread. The change in liquid level will bend the fiber and lead to a wavelength shift of transmission spectrum. This is a novel method of measuring liquid levels. We comprehensively studied the sensing performance of the sensor, and applied the ridge regression algorithm to optimize the fitting results of the experimental data. The maximum sensitivity of liquid level and temperature are 5.245 nm/mm and 40.3 pm/°C respectively, and the sensor has a low temperature cross-sensitivity of 0.00768 mm/°C. Furthermore, the sensor has the advantages of real-time response, convenient manufacture, low cost and high reliability, which broadens the application area of balloon-shaped MZI and makes it appropriate for liquid level sensing.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ricchiuti et al proposed a novel liquid level sensor with a measurement sensitivity of -12.71 dB/mm based on a 4cm LPFG [8]. Chang et al proposed an ultra-sensitive liquid-level indicator using an etched chirped FBG with a sensitivity of 1.214 nm/mm, which can detect tens of micro-meter liquid-level variation [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Sensitivity Liquid Level Sensor Based on the Balloon-Shaped Fiber Optic MZI

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among those sensing schemes, the fiber Brag grating (FBG) is used as sensing head since its reflection spectrum is influenced by physical parameters, such as pressure, reflective index, and temperature. These sensing schemes usually have high sensitivity but it is difficult to manufacture . Beside the MPF based on FBG, MPFs based on fiber ring are also widely used in sensing for their simple structure and high resolution .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These sensing schemes usually have high sensitivity but it is difficult to manufacture. [13][14][15] Beside the MPF based on FBG, MPFs based on fiber ring are also widely used in sensing for their simple structure and high resolution. [16][17][18] In these structures, the variation of optical path of the fiber ring is caused by external parameters, and as a result, the frequency response of MPF will be changed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature sensing scheme based on fiber ring microwave photonic filter with erbium doped fiber amplification

Yang

Xiang

et al. 2019

Micro & Optical Tech Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The temperature sensing scheme based on fiber ring microwave photonic filter (MPF) with erbium doped fiber amplification (EDFA) is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The fiber ring is used as the time delay element, as well as a sensing element, and by introducing an EDFA to compensate the loss in the fiber ring, the number of the effective sampling taps and thus the suppression ratio are increased. When the EDFA power is set at 0.74 mW, the 3 dB bandwidth of the passband and suppression ratio of the MPF are estimated to be 82.5 kHz, and 15 dB, respectively. The superior sharp passband characteristics make the fiber ring MPF with an EDFA very advantageous for sensing. In our experiment, temperature sensing by using the fiber ring MPF with an EDFA has been carried out for demonstration. The temperature variations induce refractive index changes of the fiber, which will change the time delay of each tap of the fiber ring MPF, and as a result, the FSR of the MPF will be changed. By tracing the peak point shift of the MPF's passband, the temperature variations can be monitored. Our experimental results show that there is a good linear relationship between temperature change and frequency shift, and by measuring passbands with different frequencies, different sensitivity can be obtained. In our experiment, the sensitivity is estimated to be −5.89, −11.74, and − 17.7 kHz/°C, respectively, when the passbands at 0.8, 1.6, and 2.4 GHz are adopted for temperature monitoring.

show abstract

“…Compared with electrical sensors, FOS have many advantages, such as high accuracy and a high resolution, a tiny size, and resistance to EMI; even more importantly, the sensors can be connected into series in a single fiber [ 4 , 5 ]. Some researchers have used FOS to measure temperature [ 6 ], strain [ 7 , 8 ], deformation [ 9 , 10 ], water pressure [ 11 ], liquid level [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ], humidity [ 16 ], and soil pressure [ 17 ]. Fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is one of the most widely used FOS technologies, due to its high accuracy and inexpensive data interrogation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Newly Designed Fiber-Optic Based Earth Pressure Transducer with Adjustable Measurement Range

Wei

Meng

2018

Sensors

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A novel fiber-optic based earth pressure sensor (FPS) with an adjustable measurement range and high sensitivity is developed to measure earth pressures for civil infrastructures. The new FPS combines a cantilever beam with fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and a flexible membrane. Compared with a traditional pressure transducer with a dual diaphragm design, the proposed FPS has a larger measurement range and shows high accuracy. The working principles, parameter design, fabrication methods, and laboratory calibration tests are explained in this paper. A theoretical solution is derived to obtain the relationship between the applied pressure and strain of the FBG sensors. In addition, a finite element model is established to analyze the mechanical behavior of the membrane and the cantilever beam and thereby obtain optimal parameters. The cantilever beam is 40 mm long, 15 mm wide, and 1 mm thick. The whole FPS has a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 30 mm. The sensitivity of the FPS is 0.104 kPa/με. In addition, automatic temperature compensation can be achieved. The FPS’s sensitivity, physical properties, and response to applied pressure are extensively examined through modeling and experiments. The results show that the proposed FPS has numerous potential applications in soil pressure measurement.

show abstract

Continuous Liquid-Level Sensor Based on a Long-Period Grating and Microwave Photonics Filtering Techniques

Cited by 35 publications

References 17 publications

High-Sensitivity Liquid Level Sensor Based on the Balloon-Shaped Fiber Optic MZI

High-Sensitivity Liquid Level Sensor Based on the Balloon-Shaped Fiber Optic MZI

Temperature sensing scheme based on fiber ring microwave photonic filter with erbium doped fiber amplification

A Newly Designed Fiber-Optic Based Earth Pressure Transducer with Adjustable Measurement Range

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About