Continuous measurements of SiF 4 and SO 2 by thermal emission spectroscopy: Insight from a 6-month survey at the Popocatépetl volcano

Taquet, Noémie; Hernández, Ivonne; Bezanilla, Alejandro; Grutter, Michel; Campion, Robin; Palm, Mathias; Boulesteix, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2017.05.009

Cited by 21 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…A common hypothesis is that the dome cooling and an overpressure beneath the dome should drive the vulcanian explosions at the Popocatépetl volcano (Love et al, 1998;Stremme et al, 2012). Such hypothesis has recently been challenged by high temporal resolution measurements of proxies to the permeability of Popocatépetl domes (Taquet et al, 2017;Campion et al, 2018), showing that the SO 2 fluxes only decreased minutes before explosions, a time frame incompatible with the cooling and solidifying of lava domes. High temporal resolution measurements such as those presented here during March 6th, 2015 provide valuable information on the variability of the HF/HCl, SO 2 /HCl, SiF 4 /SO 2 , and SiF 4 /HF ratios several minutes before and up to several hours after typical explosive events.…”

Section: Insights Into the Origin Of The Moderate Explosions At Popocmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of SiF 4 in the Popocatépetl's explosion plumes was mainly explained by the release of SiF 4 -enriched gas pockets produced by the HF percolation through the lava dome obstructing the crater (Love et al, 1998;Stremme et al, 2011;Taquet et al, 2017). Taquet et al (2017) observed both prolonged periods (several hours) with a higher base level of SiF 4 /SO 2 ratios (likely supporting such a primary production), occasionally preceding the explosions, and sharp SiF 4 /SO 2 spikes within periods of high conduit permeability (which rather support the gas-ash interactions).…”

Section: Insights Into the Origin Of The Moderate Explosions At Popocmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Changes in the eruptive dynamics (passive degassing, dome extrusion, or destruction) of dome-capped volcanic systems are mainly controlled by the gas content in the magma, directly affecting its viscosity and ascending speed (Martel and Schmidt, 2003;Boudon et al, 2015;Manga et al, 2018). Magma mixing in the storage reservoir (Witter et al, 2005), assimilation of the volcanic edifice basement (Goff et al, 2001), gas redox reactions and gas-rock interactions (Love et al, 1998;Mori et al, 2002;Stremme et al, 2011;Battaglia et al, 2019), conduit permeability changes (Edmonds et al, 2001;Taquet et al, 2017;Campion et al, 2018), or hydrothermal activity and gas interactions in the volcanic gas plume (Bagnato et al, 2013) are important processes contributing to changes in the gas composition from the deep to the shallow system. The identification and estimation of the contribution of each of these individual processes require an ample database from long-term gas measurements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The short-term variations were rather explained by variations in the permeability of the magma column (Oppenheimer et al, 2002), lava domes growth or change in the lava extrusion rate (Edmonds et al, 2001). Trace gases such as SiF 4 in volcanic plumes were also studied (Francis et al, 1996;Love et al, 1998;Mori et al, 2002;Stremme et al, 2012;Taquet et al, 2017) for the understanding of the lava dome destruction episodes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most recent SO 2 fluxes estimations range from 3,000 to 5,000 ton/day for quiescent periods, and are higher than 25,000 ton/day for eruptive events (Delgado-Granados et al, 2001;Grutter et al, 2008;Campion et al, 2018) and show that the Popocatépetl ′ s conduit system is essentially permeable (Campion et al, 2018). Ultimately, the variability of the SiF 4 /SO 2 ratio was explored on the basis of high temporal resolution measurements (Taquet et al, 2017) to reveal the causes of transient permeability changes, highlighting the role of lava dome destruction episodes and short-term sudden drops in SO 2 fluxes preceding explosions (Campion et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in the Gas Composition of the Popocatépetl Volcanic Plume

et al. 2019

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Long-term time series of volcanic plumes composition constitute valuable indicators of the evolution of the magmatic and volcanic systems. We present here a 4-years long time series of molecular ratios of HF/HCl, HCl/SO 2 , SiF 4 /SO 2 , HF/SiF 4 measured in the Popocatépetl ′ s volcanic plume using ground-based solar absorption FTIR spectroscopy. The instrument, based in the Altzomoni NDACC (Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change) station, facing the Popocatépetl volcano, provides an unrivaled precision. The computed mean and standard deviation of the HF/HCl and HCl/SO 2 ratios for this period were found to be 0.24 ± 0.03 and 0.11 ± 0.03, respectively. SiF 4 was detected in three occasions and the SiF 4 /SO 2 ratios ranged between (1.9 ± 0.5) × 10 −3 and (9.9 ± 0.4) × 10 −3 . The HBr/HCl and HBr/SO 2 ratios remained below their detection limits (1.25 × 10 −4 and 1.25 × 10 −5 , respectively), given that a part of the HBr has already been converted to other bromine species (e.g., BrO, Br 2 ) a few kilometers downwind of the crater. Combining our time series with satellite SO 2 fluxes and seismic data, we explain the significant long-term HCl/SO 2 variations by changes in the conduit and edifice permeabilities, impacting the deep and shallow degassing processes. The high temporal resolution of the data also allows capturing the variation of the volcanic plume composition preceding and induced by a common moderate explosion at Popocatépetl volcano. We interpret the observed variations of the HCl/SO 2 ratio during the explosion in terms of changes in the contribution of the deep/shallow degassing. We additionally report the detection of an increase of SiF 4 after the explosion, likely explained by in-plume HF-ash interaction. During this event, SiF 4 /HCl vs. HF/HCl was found to have a linear relation with a slope of −1/4, which implies a conservation of fluorine.

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Section: Insights Into the Origin Of The Moderate Explosions At Popocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Insights Into the Origin Of The Moderate Explosions At Popocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Variability in the Gas Composition of the Popocatépetl Volcanic Plume

et al. 2019

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Modulation of Popocatépetl’s activity by regional and worldwide earthquakes

et al. 2022

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Volcanoes switching from quiescence to eruption shortly after catastrophic earthquakes have raised interest for volcanic triggering and the influence of earthquakes on volcanic activity. Its influence on already active systems and especially at open-vent volcanoes is more difficult to apprehend. A number of recent observations suggest an influence of tectonic earthquakes on Popocatépetl’s activity, the importance of which remains unknown. To further investigate this, we introduce an index, based on the near-field concept, identifying the earthquakes with the highest potential to promote volcanic activity (hereafter termed “significant earthquakes”). The time series of significant earthquakes is compared with the intensity of the volcanic activity, as characterized by the number and energy of volcano-tectonic earthquakes, the number of dome extrusions, the intensity of thermal and degassing fluxes, and ash production. Three main periods with contrasting activity stand out showing that Popocatépetl presents intense activity when significant tectonic earthquakes are frequent. Enhanced extrusion apparently follows significant earthquakes quickly with pulses of dome extrusion that peak after 1.3 ± 0.3 years. Conversely, extrusive activity vanishes when significant seismicity disappears, as during the period 2003–2011, which coincides with a 12-year-long significant seismicity gap. Hence, we propose that the 1994–2022 open-vent activity at Popocatépetl is in part modulated by the repetitive occurrence of significant earthquakes that periodically promote volcanic activity.

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