Continuous nutrient automated monitoring on the Mediterranean Sea using in situ flow analyser

Vuillemin, Renaud; Sanfilippo, Luca; Moscetta, Pompeo; Zudaire, Laurent; Carbones, Eric; Maria, Eric; Tricoire, Cyrielle; Oriol, L.; Blain, Stéphane; Bris, Nadine Le

doi:10.23919/oceans.2009.5422405

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…103 The Systea probes have autonomously collected and reported measurements of nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, and ammonia in an unmanned time series monitoring station, 104,105 at 1500 m depth, 51 tethered to a solar and wind energypowered platform, 106 and in automated sensor networks spanning multiple years of operation in open natural waters. 103,107 Reports documenting in-field use and instrument intercomparsions suggest the probes have been able to discriminate between low levels of nitrite (subμg/L) in oligotrophic waters and withstand exposure in coastal waters for weeks at a time. 51,103,107,108 One of SubChemSystems' (USA) current FDS, the Autonomous Profiling Nutrient Analyzer (APNA), is designed to measure submeter scale nutrient gradients in either autonomous interval or continuous data collection mode.…”

Section: Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…103,107 Reports documenting in-field use and instrument intercomparsions suggest the probes have been able to discriminate between low levels of nitrite (subμg/L) in oligotrophic waters and withstand exposure in coastal waters for weeks at a time. 51,103,107,108 One of SubChemSystems' (USA) current FDS, the Autonomous Profiling Nutrient Analyzer (APNA), is designed to measure submeter scale nutrient gradients in either autonomous interval or continuous data collection mode. 98 SubChemSystems' instrumentation has been reported to track nitrite and other nutrients in chemical plumes, 109 investigate thin plankton layers and the influence of stratification and turbulence, identify fine-scale structures of nitrite profiles, and investigate biogeochemical cycling at ecologically critical scales for model validation and support.…”

Section: Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These tools could open the door for new ways to visualize, analyze, and disseminate complex data sets. 107 In the Nutrient Sensor Challenge and Preliminary Market Outlook, 11 the ACT has identified a crucial tenth TRL that involves diffusion and expansion and occurs after early adoption and growth of primary markets by early adopters. The ACT desires a new generation of nutrient sensors that can overcome cost prohibitions, error and uncertainty issues, calibration errors, network communication losses, and overall uncertainty in underlying parameters.…”

Section: ■ Technological Evolution and The Scientific Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A series of in situ instrumentation from Systea S.p.A. (Italy) that includes the Nutrients Probe Analyzer (NPA), Deep-sea Probe Analyzer (DPA), and Water In Situ Analyzer (WIZ), carries out wet chemistry fluorimetric and absorbance based spectrophotometry within a micro Loop Flow Analysis (μLFA) fluidic system which effectively removes air bubbles, enables sequential batch analysis and manipulates the fluidic components for reaction, detection, wash, and calibration cycles . The Systea probes have autonomously collected and reported measurements of nitrite, nitrate, orthophosphate, and ammonia in an unmanned time series monitoring station, , at 1500 m depth, tethered to a solar and wind energy-powered platform, and in automated sensor networks spanning multiple years of operation in open natural waters. , Reports documenting in-field use and instrument intercomparsions suggest the probes have been able to discriminate between low levels of nitrite (subμg/L) in oligotrophic waters and withstand exposure in coastal waters for weeks at a time. ,,, …”

Section: In Situ Examples and Current State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Path to Impact for Autonomous Field Deployable Chemical Sensors: A Case Study of in Situ Nitrite Sensors

Schierenbeck

Smith

2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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Natural freshwater systems have been severely affected by excess loading of macronutrients (e.g., nitrogen and phosphorus) from fertilizers, fossil fuels, and human and livestock waste. In the USA, impacts to drinking water quality, biogeochemical cycles, and aquatic ecosystems are estimated to cost US$210 billion annually. Field-deployable nutrient sensors (FDS) offer potential to support research and resource management efforts by acquiring higher resolution data than are currently supported by expensive conventional sampling methods. Following nearly 40 years of research and development, FDS instruments are now starting to penetrate commercial markets. However, instrument uncertainty factors (high cost, reliability, accuracy, and precision) are key drivers impeding the uptake of FDS by the majority of users. Using nitrite sensors as a case study, we review the trends, opportunities, and challenges in producing and implementing FDS from a perspective of innovation and impact. We characterize the user community and consumer needs, identify trends in research approaches, tabulate state-of-the-art examples and specifications, and discuss data life cycle considerations. With further development of FDS through prototyping and testing in real-world applications, these tools can deliver information for protecting and restoring natural waters, enhancing process control for industrial operations and water treatment, and providing novel research insights.

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Section: Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Environmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Technological Evolution and The Scientific Communitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: In Situ Examples and Current State Of The Artmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Path to Impact for Autonomous Field Deployable Chemical Sensors: A Case Study of in Situ Nitrite Sensors

Schierenbeck

Smith

2017

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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“…LFA has permitted levels never reached before in analytical automation and in analyser miniaturization [8][9][10][11]. All the steps of a wet-chemical colorimetric analysis method are carried out in an analysis cycle sequentially.…”

Section: Figure 1 Nutrient Probe Analyser-4; (A) Reagents Tube (B) mentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Nutrients Analysis for Buoys in Sea-Water and Intercalibration

Azzaro¹

2013

IJEMA

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The Nutrient Probe Analyser-4 (NPA-4) is an automatic chemical analyser for "in-situ" and continuous measurements, based on a new improvement of the exclusive analytical technology developed by Systea and named LFA (Loop Flow Analysis); LFA has permitted levels never reached before in analytical automation and in analyser miniaturisation. With NPA-4 probes, it is possible to analyse directly in the water up to four parameters with the same instrument, using a particular configuration of LFA technology, which allows the sequential analysis of more than one analytical method in a single analytical reactor (30 minutes for a complete 4 parameters cycle). It has been conceived to execute ammonium, nitrate-nitrite, nitrite and orthophosphate analysis at low concentration in sea water samples. The hermetic closed Loop provides full protection against background interference, a basic requirement for stable trace analysis. At the start of a cycle the loop is washed and filled with sample. The sample colour is measured for compensation. Small amounts of concentrated reagents are added and mixed with high intensity. The intensity of the colour of the reaction product is measured one or two colorimetric dual beam with silicon detector, depending on requested methods. The standard wet chemistries for nutrients analysis used in NPA-4 are the ones recommended by international standard The statistical test show that the results of automated and manual analyses agree for all the examined parameters. Precision of all four analyses is ≤ 3 % RSD. The Limit of detection of 5, 5, 2.5 and 2.5 µg/L were reported for N-NH 4 , N-NO 3 , N-NO 2 and P-PO 4 , respectively. Multiparametric on line analyzer: it is possible to connect to a data logger with analogue and digital signals, in order to have on line simultaneous analysis of the sample. A typical application is on line analysis of seawater on an oceanographic research buoy (Max-5m). It does not require any operator.

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