Continuous ozonation treatment of ofloxacin: Transformation products, water matrix effect and aquatic toxicity

Fast removal of the antibiotic flumequine from aqueous solution by ozonation: Influencing factors, reaction pathways, and toxicity evaluation

“…As one of the most powerful oxidants, ozone has a standard oxidation potential of 2.07 V under acidic conditions and has been widely used for the removal of organic pollutants in water treatments Lee et al, 2014;Carbajo et al, 2015). In the present study, the experiments were conducted by ozonating FLU solution (20 mg L −1 ) at 25.0 ± 0.1°C.…”

“…Among these treatment methods, AOPs, characterized by the generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH•) under ambient conditions, have been suggested as costeffective mechanisms for the elimination of persistent micropollutants from aqueous systems. Ozone in particular is a strong oxidizing agent and has been widely used in water treatment for disinfection, increasing biodegradability and efficient removal of a variety of residual pharmaceuticals, such as antibiotics (Gómez-Ramos et al, 2011;Liu et al, 2012;Carbajo et al, 2015;Tay and Madehi, 2015). Ozone can react with organic pollutants through direct reaction (known as ozonolysis) and/or indirect reactions with OH•, which are produced by O 3 decomposition (Mawhinney et al, 2012;Chang et al, 2014).…”

“…Furthermore, ozonation is advantageous in treatment of both wastewater and drinking water for several reasons: (1) the effective destructive process with the reduced formation of harmful byproducts compared to chlorine; (2) the rapid removal of odorific compounds and organic contaminants in a shorter contact time compared to UV; and (3) the lack of secondary pollution compared to permanganate (Miao et al, 2015). Notably, ozonation could also disinfect various pathogenic microorganisms, such as antibiotic resistant bacteria, preventing the dissemination of antibiotic resistance (Carbajo et al, 2015).…”

“…Previous studies have indicated that the ozonation process could not totally mineralize the target chemicals but only break down or rearrange the molecular structure (Prasse et al, 2012;Carbajo et al, 2015). Therefore, the transformation products with unknown ecotoxicological potential (especially some enhanced or undesired biological effects) might inevitably be formed.…”

Degradation of ofloxacin using UV/H 2 O 2 process in a large photoreactor

“…Owing to its occurrence and toxicity, ofloxacin may pose a considerable risk to aquatic organisms [5]. Hence, many works have proposed several methods for removing ofloxacin, such as adsorption [6], ozonation [7], photocatalytic degradation [8], the solar Fenton method [9], and sonophotocatalytic degradation [10].…”