Continuous production of fatty acids from palm olein by immobilized lipase in a two‐phase system

Abstract

Commercial lipases were tested for the ability to hydrolyze palm olein in isooctane in a two-phase system. Lipase OF (from Candida rugosa) showed the highest specific activity of 209 U/mg protein where 1 U is the amount of lipase enzyme required to produce 1 µmol of fatty acid (as palmitic acid) per minute. The enzyme was adsorbed completely on Accurel EP100 (particle size <200 µm) with 20.5% activity retained. The soluble and the immobilized lipase OF showed optimal activity at the same pH and temperature (pH 6.5-7.5 and 35°C). However, the immobilized lipase had a wider range of pH and higher temperature stability. Continuous hydrolysis of palm olein was performed in a packed-bed reactor with 656 U of immobilized enzyme. The substrate (20% palm olein in isooctane) and Tris/maleate buffer were fed concurrently at the flow rates of 0.08 and 0.04 mL/min, respectively. The system gave a degree of hydrolysis (DH) of 90-100% for up to 250 h. A more stable system allowing for more than 300 h operation at DH > 95% was achieved by mixing the immobilized enzyme with 1000-1500 µm Accurel EP100 to increase the system porosity and continuous feeding of the aqueous phase recycling from the product mixture. A similar result was also obtained using 1007 U of the immobilized enzyme and 60% palm olein in isooctane fed at 0.06 mL/min.

Production of Chiral ( R )-3-Hydroxyoctanoic Acid Monomers, Catalyzed by Pseudomonas fluorescens GK13 Poly(3-Hydroxyoctanoic Acid) Depolymerase

“…Another advantage of this immobilization protocol is that despite the high strength of depolymerase adsorption, it could be fully desorbed from Accurel MP-1000 with 2-propanol, allowing the possibil-ity of recovery and reuse of the support. Besides, as occurred with lipases (18,25,28,29), this procedure could be suitable for easy scale-up.…”

“…Adsorption of lipases on polypropylene supports has been extensively used for large-scale lipase immobilization (18,25,28,29) since it is a simple and economical method. Moreover, the immobilization of enzyme allows its reusability and increases its operational stability and ease of product recovery (1).…”

Biocatalytic Synthesis of Natural Green Leaf Volatiles Using the Lipoxygenase Metabolic Pathway

“…Triacylglycerols are insoluble in water but can be solubilized in organic solvents like hexane or octane [184,188]. Several organic/aqueous biphasic systems are used for lipid hydrolysis [184,[189][190][191][192]. The hydrolytic reaction catalyzed by lipases takes place generally at the interface between the organic and aqueous phases (in particular oil/water interface).…”

Bio-electrode in Mechanistic Study of Lipoxygenase with Fatty Acids from Cooking Palm Oil

“…This hydrolysis, if it is catalyzed chemically, always require, high pressure and temperature which may then affect the properties of fatty acids in the triacylglycerol mixtures and may also end up producing undesirable compounds such as ketones and hydrocarbons [2]. The whole process is rather laborious when compared to the hydrolysis done using enzymes which can be carried out at room temperature and atmospheric pressure [3].…”