“…In the past, the term ''continuous SSF'' has been used for a constantly moving series of batch fermentations such as the conveyer-type fermenter, countercurrent reactor, continuous screw fermenter, or for discharge-fed batch systems (Chisti, 1999;Hrubant et al, 1989;Lonsane et al, 1985;Roussos and Pyle, 1998;Schulze, 1962). However, a truly continuous SSF system has been defined ( Van de Lagemaat and Pyle, 2001) as a reactor with sufficient back mixing that it can operate with a constant noninoculated (sterile) feed.…”