Continuous Topical Administration of a Petrolatum Formulation by a Novel Disposable Diaper

Odio, Mauricio; O’Connor, Robert J.; Sarbaugh, Frank C.; Baldwin, Sue

doi:10.1159/000018365

Cited by 47 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…In a simulation study by Farage [49,50,52], emollient transfer to skin was estimated to be lower than 20%, which was a conservative estimate. In Odio et al's study [36,37], a lotion was spread on the topsheet of a diaper, and then the transferred amount of lotion to the collection tape (Tegaderm TM , 3M, St. Paul, MN, USA) was measured during the children's diaper-wearing [37,38]. From this experiment, the lotion transfer to skin was estimated to be 3.0-4.3% of the initial amount of lotion per diaper [3,37,38,47]; this is half the amount that Rai et al [24] used (7%) as the skin transfer rate by the direct contact.…”

Section: Exposure By the Direct Skin Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation of Absorbent Hygiene Pads: A Review on Assessment Framework and Test Methods

2018

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Disposable absorbent hygiene products have evolved for superior performance, enhancing the convenience of daily lives. However, the use of disposable hygiene pads has brought safety concerns on chemical exposure, and significant efforts have been made to assess the potential risks associated with use of hygiene pads. This article intends to overview the safety assessment framework of diapers and feminine pads, which includes hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment, risk characterization, and post-market risk management. Risk assessment of various constituents are reviewed for quantification methods and conservative estimation of exposure parameters. By reviewing the up-to-date considerations in risk assessment, we aim to provide insightful discussion on safety evaluation of current versions of disposable absorbent products. More clinical testing and post-market surveillance are needed for continuous monitoring of potential health impacts of advanced products and constituents.

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Section: Exposure By the Direct Skin Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safety Evaluation of Absorbent Hygiene Pads: A Review on Assessment Framework and Test Methods

2018

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“…Table 1 shows the user and usage profiles for different absorbent products. Among the product types, baby diapers have been studied rather thoroughly in the perspective of safety and risk assessment [1][2][3][4][5]18,21,24,30,[33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41]. Baby diapers are generally used for babies in 0-36 months old to absorb urine and feces [3].…”

Section: Types Of Disposable Absorbent Hygiene Padsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In a simulation study by Farage [49,50,52], emollient transfer to skin was estimated to be lower than 20%, which was a conservative estimate. In Odio et al's study [36,37], a lotion was spread on the topsheet of a diaper, then the transferred amount of lotion to the collection tape (Tegaderm TM , 3M, St. Paul, MN) was measured during the children's diaper-wearing [37,38]. From this experiment, the lotion transfer to skin was estimated to be 3.0-4.3% of the initial amount of lotion per diaper [3,37,38,47]; this is a half the amount that Rai et al [24] used (7%) as the skin transfer rate by the direct contact.…”

Section: Exposure By the Direct Skin Contactmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Among the absorbent pads, many risk assessment was done dominantly for baby diapers [2][3][4][5]18,24,[30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40], while there would exist similar potential risks for feminine hygiene pads and other absorbent products. This paper aims to review the risk assessment methodology that had been applied to disposable absorbent products including baby/adult diapers and feminine hygiene pads.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Safety Evaluation of Absorbent Hygiene Pads: a Review on Assessment Framework and Test Methods

Bae¹,

Kwon²,

Kim³

2018

Preprint

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Disposable absorbent hygiene products have evolved for superior performance, enhancing the convenience of daily lives. Yet the use of disposable hygiene pads has brought safety concerns on chemical exposure, and significant efforts have been made to assess the potential risks associated with use of hygiene pads. This article intends to overview the safety assessment framework of diapers and feminine pads, which includes hazard identification, hazard characterization, exposure assessment, risk characterization, and postmarket risk management. Risk assessment of various constituents are reviewed for quantification methods and conservative estimation of exposure parameters. By reviewing the up-to-date considerations in risk assessment, we aim to provide insightful discussion on safety evaluation of current versions of disposable absorbent products. More clinical testing and postmarket surveillance are needed for continuous monitoring of potential health impacts of advanced products and constituents.

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“…When evaluating the effectiveness of daily skin care in young infants, objective and noninvasive methods are useful to characterize the distinct influences of products on barrier function and clinical course . Limited scientific data are available regarding the effect of currently available diaper care products on infants with regards to skin barrier function and condition .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Diaper Cream and Wet Wipes on Skin Barrier Properties in Infants: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

Bartels

Lünnemann

Stroux

et al. 2014

Pediatric Dermatology

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The effect of different diaper care procedures on skin barrier function in infants has been minimally investigated and may be assessed using objective methods. In a single-center, prospective trial, 89 healthy 9-month-old infants (±8 wks) were randomly assigned to three diaper care regimens: group I used water-moistened washcloths at diaper changes (n = 30), group II additionally applied diaper cream twice daily (n = 28), and group III used wet wipes and diaper cream twice daily (n = 31). Transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin hydration (SCH), skin pH, interleukin 1α (IL-1α) levels, and microbiologic colonization were measured in diapered skin (upper outer quadrant of the buttocks), nondiapered skin (upper leg), and if diaper dermatitis (DD) occurred, using the most affected skin area at day 1 and weeks 4 and 8. Skin condition was assessed utilizing a neonatal skin condition score and diaper rash grade. On diapered skin, SCH decreased in groups II and III, whereas TEWL values were reduced in group II only. Skin pH increased in groups II and III. In general, SCH, skin pH, and IL-1α levels were higher in healthy diapered skin than in nondiapered skin. The incidence and course of DD was comparable in all groups. Areas with DD had greater TEWL and skin pH than unaffected skin areas. Infants who received diaper cream had lower SCH and TEWL and higher pH levels in the diapered area than on nondiapered skin. No correlation with the occurrence of DD was found.

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Continuous Topical Administration of a Petrolatum Formulation by a Novel Disposable Diaper

Cited by 47 publications

References 4 publications

Safety Evaluation of Absorbent Hygiene Pads: A Review on Assessment Framework and Test Methods

Safety Evaluation of Absorbent Hygiene Pads: A Review on Assessment Framework and Test Methods

Safety Evaluation of Absorbent Hygiene Pads: a Review on Assessment Framework and Test Methods

Effect of Diaper Cream and Wet Wipes on Skin Barrier Properties in Infants: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

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