Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of unfilled butadiene rubber

Feng, Wenlai; Isayev, A. I.

doi:10.1002/app.20508

Cited by 34 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…A very narrow devulcanization window was also observed for BR 21. However, for BR, because of high unsaturation, this was caused by preferential degradation under the conditions of devulcanization.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The devulcanized rubber can be reprocessed, shaped, and revulcanized in the same way as the virgin rubber. Extensive studies of ultrasonic devulcanization have been carried out on various rubbers, including ground tire rubber (GTR),12, 13 natural rubber (NR),14, 15 silicone rubber,16, 17 styrene–butadiene rubber (SBR),18 ethylene–propylene–diene rubber (EPDM),19 polyurethane rubber,20 and butadiene rubber (BR) 21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of unfilled butyl rubber

Feng¹,

Isayev²

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:The devulcanization of resin-cured unfilled butyl rubber with a grooved-barrel ultrasonic reactor under various processing conditions was carried out. The experiments indicated that, because of the lower unsaturation and good thermal stability of butyl rubber, its devulcanization could be successfully accomplished only under severe ultrasonic-treatment conditions. Gel permeation chromatography measurements were carried out for the virgin gum and sol part of devulcanized samples to study the changes in the rubber network during the devulcanization process. The obtained data showed a significant molecular weight reduction and a broadening of the molecular weight distribution upon devulcanization, which indicated that the devulcanization and degradation of butyl rubber occurred simultaneously. The rheological properties showed that devulcanized butyl rubber was more elastic than the virgin gum.The vulcanizates of the devulcanized butyl rubber showed mechanical properties comparable to those of the virgin vulcanizate. The thermal behaviors of the virgin and devulcanized butyl rubber were different and were correlated to the double-bond content. The structural characteristics of the devulcanized butyl rubber were simulated with the Dobson-Gordon theory of rubber network statistics. A fairly good agreement between the experimental data and theoretical prediction was achieved. The simulation of devulcanized butyl rubber indicated that the rate of crosslink rupture was much higher than that of the main chain.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Continuous ultrasonic devulcanization of unfilled butyl rubber

Feng¹,

Isayev²

2004

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…The results showed that this parameter decreased as the residue content increased in the blends. Such a reduction can be attributed to the presence of residual vulcanization additives related to the first vulcanization reaction, which is a characteristic behavior of recycled rubbers [25,[34][35][36]. According to Ismail et al [36], the residual accelerator can act as a sulphur donor, which speeds up the early stages of the vulcanization process and reduces the value of ts 1 .…”

Section: Vulcanization Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship among Vulcanization, Mechanical Properties and Morphology of Blends Containing Recycled EPDM

2017

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Abstract:The production of consumption goods made of elastomer generates large amounts of vulcanized residues. The final proper environmental disposal of this material is a serious problem, which involves high costs and a possible waste of a material with high added value. The recycling of elastomers is a very important alternative since it is related directly to the protection of the environment, energy conservation, and sustainability. An option for companies that produce elastomeric residues is their incorporation in the formulations by producing polymeric blends. Thus, this work aims to prepare polymeric blends composed of ethylene-propylene diene monomer rubber (EPDM) and raw EPDM/EPDM residue (EPDM-r) in different concentrations, when the residue is ground at room temperature. The morphology of the residue, vulcanization characteristics, mechanical properties, and morphology of the blends were analyzed, showing promising results that point to the feasibility of using EPDM-r in the production of polymeric blends and as a possible solution to the problem of the final disposal of solid residues.

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“…This technique is widely mentioned by the literature to detect the status of devulcanization of elastomers 4,5,[14][15][16]24,31,32,39,41,[43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52] . In general, the content of soluble material (sol) increases with the increasing of devulcanization degree, due to the breaks of the cross-linkings and, consequently, the release of these molecules from the three-dimensional network of vulcanized rubber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%