Continuous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Effects on the Gut-Brain Axis in Swine

Dı́az-Güemes, Idoia; Sánchez, Francisco; Luis, Laura; Sun, Fang; Pascual, Salvador; Usón, Jesús

doi:10.1111/j.1525-1403.2007.00087.x

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Vagal nerve stimulation (VNS) is a therapy for refractory epilepsy and psychiatric disorders (252,253) , but it has also received attention as a way to modulate food intake. Diaz-Guemes et al (255) found that VNS increased central nervous activity, but no effect was observed on feeding behaviour. Diaz-Guemes et al (255) found that VNS increased central nervous activity, but no effect was observed on feeding behaviour.…”

Section: Nutrition Research Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Animal models, including pigs, were used to investigate this question ( 254 ) . Diaz-Guemes et al ( 255 ) found that VNS increased central nervous activity, but no effect was observed on feeding behaviour. In contrast, other authors demonstrated a decreased weight gain, decreased fat gain and plasma insulin-like growth factor I ( 256 ) , or decreased food intake and specific activations in several brain areas associated with altered gastric myoelectric activity ( 257 ) in growing pigs ( 258 ) .…”

Section: The Relationship Between Nutrition and The Brain In The Pigmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Critical review evaluating the pig as a model for human nutritional physiology

et al. 2016

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The present review examines the pig as a model for physiological studies in human subjects related to nutrient sensing, appetite regulation, gut barrier function, intestinal microbiota and nutritional neuroscience. The nutrient-sensing mechanisms regarding acids (sour), carbohydrates (sweet), glutamic acid (umami) and fatty acids are conserved between humans and pigs. In contrast, pigs show limited perception of high-intensity sweeteners and NaCl and sense a wider array of amino acids than humans. Differences on bitter taste may reflect the adaptation to ecosystems. In relation to appetite regulation, plasma concentrations of cholecystokinin and glucagon-like peptide-1 are similar in pigs and humans, while peptide YY in pigs is ten to twenty times higher and ghrelin two to five times lower than in humans. Pigs are an excellent model for human studies for vagal nerve function related to the hormonal regulation of food intake. Similarly, the study of gut barrier functions reveals conserved defence mechanisms between the two species particularly in functional permeability. However, human data are scant for some of the defence systems and nutritional programming. The pig model has been valuable for studying the changes in human microbiota following nutritional interventions. In particular, the use of human flora-associated pigs is a useful model for infants, but the long-term stability of the implanted human microbiota in pigs remains to be investigated. The similarity of the pig and human brain anatomy and development is paradigmatic. Brain explorations and therapies described in pig, when compared with available human data, highlight their value in nutritional neuroscience, particularly regarding functional neuroimaging techniques.

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Section: Nutrition Research Reviewsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: The Relationship Between Nutrition and The Brain In The Pigmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical review evaluating the pig as a model for human nutritional physiology

et al. 2016

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“…However, necrosis was more pronounced in group A. Analyzing all aspects of the lesions, inflammation seemed to be the most severe in group A, while group B exhibited more extensive fibrosis. Both groups demonstrated comparable levels of fiber degeneration [84].…”

Section: Effects Of Neuromodulation On Weight Gain and Food Intakementioning

confidence: 84%

Neuromodulation and the Gut-Brain Axis: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Implications for Gastrointestinal and Neurological Disorders

Aljeradat,

Kumar,

Abdulmuizz

et al. 2024

Preprint

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The gut-brain axis (GBA) represents a complex, bidirectional communication network that intri-cately connects the gastrointestinal tract with the central nervous system (CNS). Understanding and intervening in this axis opens a pathway for therapeutic advancements. In light of this, the current review assesses the effectiveness of neuromodulation techniques in treating neurological and gastrointestinal disorders by modulating the GBA, involving key elements such as gut micro-biota, neurotrophic factors, and proinflammatory cytokines. Through a comprehensive literature review encompassing PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, and analyzing 182 relevant articles, this research highlights how neuromodulation can positively impact the management of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), chronic pain, inflammation, and a range of GI disorders like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. Despite existing challenges, the ability of neuromodulation to adjust disrupted neural pathways, alleviate pain, and mitigate in-flammation is significant in improving the quality of life for patients, thereby offering exciting prospects for future advancements in patient care.

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“…According to a review article, multiple studies seem to agree that during vagal stimulation, body weight is significantly reduced [ 103 ]. On the other hand, one study showed no significant difference in food intake and weight gain after VNS stimulation in swine [ 104 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromodulation and the Gut–Brain Axis: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Implications for Gastrointestinal and Neurological Disorders

Aljeradat,

Kumar,

Abdulmuizz

et al. 2024

Pathophysiology

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The gut–brain axis (GBA) represents a complex, bidirectional communication network that intricately connects the gastrointestinal tract with the central nervous system (CNS). Understanding and intervening in this axis opens a pathway for therapeutic advancements for neurological and gastrointestinal diseases where the GBA has been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiology. In light of this, the current review assesses the effectiveness of neuromodulation techniques in treating neurological and gastrointestinal disorders by modulating the GBA, involving key elements such as gut microbiota, neurotrophic factors, and proinflammatory cytokines. Through a comprehensive literature review encompassing PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, this research highlights the role played by the GBA in neurological and gastrointestinal diseases, in addition to the impact of neuromodulation on the management of these conditions which include both gastrointestinal (irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)) and neurological disorders (Parkinson’s disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), and neuropsychiatric disorders). Despite existing challenges, the ability of neuromodulation to adjust disrupted neural pathways, alleviate pain, and mitigate inflammation is significant in improving the quality of life for patients, thereby offering exciting prospects for future advancements in patient care.

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Continuous Vagus Nerve Stimulation Effects on the Gut-Brain Axis in Swine

Cited by 8 publications

References 24 publications

Critical review evaluating the pig as a model for human nutritional physiology

Critical review evaluating the pig as a model for human nutritional physiology

Neuromodulation and the Gut-Brain Axis: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Implications for Gastrointestinal and Neurological Disorders

Neuromodulation and the Gut–Brain Axis: Therapeutic Mechanisms and Implications for Gastrointestinal and Neurological Disorders

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