Continuously tunable radio frequency electrometry with Rydberg atoms

Hu, Jinlian; Li, Huaqiang; Song, Rong; Bai, Jingxu; Jiao, Yuechun; Zhao, Jianming; Jia, Suotang

doi:10.1063/5.0086357

Cited by 48 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…4(a), we test the detectable signal as a function of the MW power with δ f = 10 kHz for two-channel scheme (red hollow circles) and single-channel scheme (black triangles). After calibration [35], we get the sensitivity about 477 nVcm -1 Hz -1/2 for the single channel and the sensitivity about 468 nVcm -1 Hz -1/2 for the two-channel, which shows the sensitivity for both scheme are almost same. In Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Improvement of response bandwidth and sensitivity of Rydberg receiver using multi-channel excitations

Hu,

Jiao,

et al. 2023

EPJ Quantum Technol.

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We investigate the response bandwidth of a superheterodyne Rydberg receiver at a room-temperature vapor cell, and present an architecture of multi-channel lasers excitation to increase the response bandwidth and keep sensitivity, simultaneously. Two microwave fields, denoted as a local oscillator (LO) $E_{\text{LO}}$ E LO and a signal field $E_{\text{SIG}}$ E SIG , couple two Rydberg states transition of $|52D_{5/2}\rangle \to |53P_{3/2}\rangle $ | 52 D 5 / 2 〉 → | 53 P 3 / 2 〉 . In the presence of the LO field, the frequency difference between two fields can be read out as an intermediate frequency (IF) signal using Rydberg electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectroscopy. The bandwidth of the Rydberg receiver is obtained by measuring the output power of IF signal versus the frequency difference between two fields. The bandwidth dependence on the Rabi frequency of excitation lasers is presented, which shows the bandwidth decrease with the probe Rabi frequency, while it is quadratic dependence on the coupling Rabi frequency. Meanwhile, we investigate the effect of probe laser waist on the bandwidth, showing that the bandwidth is inversely proportional to the laser waist. We achieve a maximum response bandwidth of the receiver about 6.8 MHz. Finally, we design an architecture of multi-channel lasers excitation for increasing the response and keeping the sensitivity, simultaneously. Our work has the potential to extend the applications of Rydberg atoms in communications.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Improvement of response bandwidth and sensitivity of Rydberg receiver using multi-channel excitations

Hu,

Jiao,

et al. 2023

EPJ Quantum Technol.

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“…We utilize cesium 50S 1/2 m j = 1/2 state EIT to detect about 2 GHz microwave field. Because α 0 (ω RF ) polarizability only factor to effect the electric field in the far off-resonant of the Stark shift regime, we have not used 50D state EIT [32], where different m j = 1/2, 3/2, 5/2 have different polarizability [33]. We use a numerical Floquet theory [34] to calculate the |50S 1/2 ⟩ Rydberg α 0 = 53.7 MHz • cm 2 /V 2 by fitting a quadratic relationship of the AC shift of the 50S 1/2 level at an microwave frequency of 2 GHz as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Electric-field-enhancement Factor and Electric-field Polariz...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Eliminating sensing blind spots of field-enhanced Rydberg atomic antenna via an asymmetric parallel-plate resonator

Wu,

zhou,

Ding

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Due to its large electric dipole moment, the Rydberg atom exhibits a strong response to weak electric fields, hence it is regarded as a highly promising atomic antenna. However, to enhance the reception sensitivity, split-ring resonators are needed normally, which will brings sensing blind spots. Thus it is not conducive to the application of full-coverage space communication. Here we propose that an atomic antenna with an asymmetric parallel-plate resonator, can not only enhance the received signal, but also eliminate sensing blind spots (pattern roundness can reach 7.8 dB while the split-ring resonator can be up to 39 dB). We analyze the influence of structural parameters on the field enhancement factor and directionality, and further discuss the limitation of the sensitivity by using thermal resistor noise theory.This work is expected to pave the way for the development of field-enhanced Rydberg atomic antennas that communicate without a blind spot.

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“…近年来, 基于原子体系的电场测量技术得到了迅速发展, 这些新技术包括可溯源到基本物理量的原子电场计 [14] 、功率传感器 [15] 、频谱分析仪 [16,17] 和通讯接收机 [18,19] 等. Shaffer 等 [20] 和Ripka等 [21] 分别于2018年和2021年描述了一种基于Rydberg原子电场感应的三光子读出方案, 并将残余多普勒能移降低到Rydberg态衰减时间对应的量级, 实现基于AT分裂机制用于较低场强的RF电场测量. 2022年, Liu等 [22] 基于ac Stark 效应和非共振外差技术, 实现了对30 MHz射频电场的高灵敏度测量, 最小电场强度为37.3 µV/cm, 灵敏度为-65 dBm/Hz, 动态范围超过65 dB. 同年, Hu等 [23] 报道了在室温铯原子蒸气室中, 利用远离共振的ac Stark效应, 演示了2 -5 GHz频率范围强度达2.25 µV/cm, 灵敏度为712 nV•cm -1 •Hz -1/2 , 线性动态范围超过65 dB.…”

Section: 引言unclassified

Electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of cesium Rydberg atoms decorated by radio-frequency fields

Han,

Liu,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Acta Phys. Sin.

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The large electric dipole moment of the Rydberg atom allows strong coupling to weak electric fields and is widely used in electric field measurements because of its reproducibility, precision and stability. The combination of Rydberg atoms and electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) technology has been used for the detection and characterisation of radio-frequency (RF) electric fields． In this work, the preparation of the Rydberg state (49<i>P</i><sub>3/2</sub>) of the Cs atom was achieved using three-photon excitation with a scheme of all-infrared light excitation of the Rydberg atom by selecting the probe light (852 nm), the dressing light (1470 nm) and the coupling light (780 nm). We have experimentally observed the electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) spectra of the Rydberg states decorated with radio-frequency electric fields, which optically detects Rydberg atoms. The effect of the amplitude and frequency of the RF electric field on the spectrum is explored in the light of changes in the EIT spectrum. It has been demonstrated that in the region of weak electric field amplitude, only the ac Stark energy shift and spectral broadening occur. As the electric field is further enhanced, the sideband phenomenon occurs in both the primary and secondary peaks of the EIT. In the region of strong field, the Rydberg energy level produces a series of Floquet states with higher-order terms, as well as state shifting and mixing, resulting in asymmetry in the spectra of the EIT sideband peaks. We further discuss the study of the effect of frequency on the shielding effect of the Cs vapor cell based on the shift of the main peak of the EIT. The demodulation of the electric field in the range of 50 Hz ~ 1 kHz with a fidelity of 95% is achieved by using the modulation of the low-frequency electric field to the RF electric field. The results can provide valuable references for spectral detection and traceable measurements of low-frequency electric fields.

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Continuously tunable radio frequency electrometry with Rydberg atoms

Cited by 48 publications

References 31 publications

Improvement of response bandwidth and sensitivity of Rydberg receiver using multi-channel excitations

Improvement of response bandwidth and sensitivity of Rydberg receiver using multi-channel excitations

Eliminating sensing blind spots of field-enhanced Rydberg atomic antenna via an asymmetric parallel-plate resonator

Electromagnetically induced transparency spectra of cesium Rydberg atoms decorated by radio-frequency fields

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