Contraception choice for HIV positive women

Mitchell, Helen S.; Stephens, Eva M

doi:10.1136/sti.2003.008441

Cited by 64 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 64 publications

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“…Globally, contraceptive use and its agreement is related to the range of methods available, patient choice, prevalent health and religious beliefs, perceptions of method effectiveness, and side effects 21 . Despite the fact that the contributions of contraception to reducing mother to child transmission (MTCT) have been well documented [22][23][24] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the HIV/AIDS epidemic: An ecological analysis of global data

Mondal¹,

Shitan²

2013

Afr H. Sci.

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Background: All over the world the prevalence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) has became a stumbling stone in progress of human civilization and is a huge concern for people worldwide. Objective: To determine the social and health factors which contribute to increase the size of HIV epidemic globally. Methods: The country level indicators of HIV prevalence rates, are contraceptive prevalence rate, physicians density, proportion of Muslim populations, adolescent fertility rate, and mean year of schooling were compiled of 187 countries from the United Nations (UN) agencies. To extract the major factors from those indicators of the later five categories, backward multiple regression analysis was used as the statistical tool. Results: The national HIV prevalence rate was significantly correlated with almost all the predictors. Backward multiple linear regression analysis identified the proportion of Muslims, physicians density, and adolescent fertility rate are as the three most prominent factors linked with the national HIV epidemic. Conclusions: The findings support the hypotheses that a higher adolescent fertility rate in the population is the adverse effect of premarital and extramarital sex that leads to longer period of sexual activity which increases the risk of HIV infection. On the hand, and cultural restrictions of Muslims and sufficient physicians will decelerate the spread of HIV infections in the society.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Factors affecting the HIV/AIDS epidemic: An ecological analysis of global data

Mondal¹,

Shitan²

2013

Afr H. Sci.

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“…13,14 These issues may be perceived differently depending on factors such as living in a resource-poor country with limited access to both antiretroviral therapy and STI diagnosis and treatment and the level of condom use. 15 Regarding demand for contraception, some studies have pointed out that in the absence of HIV-related symptoms, the impact of having HIV on people's decisions regarding childbearing and contraceptive use is generally weak. 16 A study evaluating prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) sites in Kenya and Zambia has shown that HIV positive women had similar contraceptive use rates to HIV negative women, while in Rwanda the demand for contraception was higher among HIV positive women.…”

Section: Fertility-related Needs Of Women and Men Living With Hivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reproductive Choice for Women and Men Living with HIV: Contraception, Abortion and Fertility

Delvaux¹,

Nöstlinger

2007

Reproductive Health Matters

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From a policy and programmatic point of view, this paper reviews the literature on the fertility-related needs of women and men living with HIV and how the entry points represented by family planning, sexually transmitted infection and HIV-related services can ensure access to contraception, abortion and fertility services for women and men living with HIV. Most contraceptive methods are safe and effective for HIV positive women and men. The existing range of contraceptive options should be available to people living with HIV, along with more information about and access to emergency contraception. Potential drug interaction must be considered between hormonal contraception and treatment for tuberculosis and certain antiretroviral drugs. Couples living with HIV who wish to use a permanent contraceptive method should have access to female sterilisation and vasectomy in an informed manner, free of coercion. How to promote condoms and dual protection and how to make them acceptable in long term-relationships remains a challenge. Both surgical and medical abortion are safe for women living with HIV. To reduce risk of vertical transmission of HIV and in cases of infertility, people with HIV should have access to sperm washing and other assisted conception methods, if these are available. Simple and cost-effective procedures to reduce risk of vertical transmission should be part of counselling for women and men living with HIV who intend to have children. Support for the reproductive rights of people with HIV is a priority. More operations research on best practices is needed. A2007 Reproductive Health Matters. All rights reserved.

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“…We analyze data from recent nationally representative Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) for 10 sub-Saharan African countries with generalized AIDS epidemics. Although some studies have also examined fertility desires and/or contraceptive behavior, many have been clinic-based studies focusing on people who are HIV-positive and definitely know their status, often without a comparison to HIV-negative adults (Cooper et al, 2009;Cooper, Harries, Myer, Orner, & Bracken, 2007;Mitchell & Stephens, 2004;Myer, Morroni, & Rebe, 2007;Nebié et al, 2001;Ryder et al, 1991). A strength of some of these studies is that they are longitudinal and make comparisons of fertility preferences or contraceptive behavior over time as individuals learn of their HIV-positive status and subsequently change their fertility desires or contraceptive or sexual behaviors (Nebié et al, 2001;Ryder et al, 1991).…”

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confidence: 99%