Contraceptive and Phytochemical Profile of Lime-Yellow Pea (Macrotyloma axillare, E. Mey) Verdc: A Tropical Climber

Abstract

Background: Rising human population has detrimental effects on quality of life and lead to increased cases of pollution and poverty. Modern forms of contraceptives also have severe side effects and result in high cases of unwanted pregnancies. As a result, several cases of illegal abortion, leading to serious health complications have been reported, and more than 30 million US dollars are used to treat post-abortion complications in Kenya annually. Herbal contraceptives offer Original Research Article

Phytochemical Analysis and Efficacy Of Rosemary (Rosmarinus Officinalis) and Mint (Mentha Spicata) Extracts Against Fall Armyworm (Spodoptera Frugiperda) on Baby Corn (Zea Mays)

“…The total flavonoid content of M spicata and R officinalis-Methanolic extracts was estimated by the method described by [28] with some modifications. 1.0 mL of the extracts was mixed with 4.0 mL of distilled water and subsequently with 0.30mL of 10% NaNo2 solution.…”

Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenols, Flavonoids and LCMS Profile of Chamaecrista hildebrandtii (Vatke) Lock and Clerodendrum rotundifolium (Oliv.)

“…The total flavonoid content of each extract was estimated by the method described by Odhiambo et al [24] with some modifications. 1.0 mL of each extract was mixed with 4 mL distilled water and subsequently with 0.30 mL of 10% NaNO 2 solution.…”

“…Total phenol content was determined using Folin-Ciocalteu Reagent as described by Odhiambo et al [24] with some modifications. 200 µL of the plant extract was mixed with 1000 µL of 1 N Folin-Ciocalteau reagent and kept at 30°C for 4 min, then 800 µL of 7% sodium carbonate solution added.…”

“…Methodology: The total phenol and flavonoid contents were determined spectrophotometrically while the antioxidant activity was evaluated using the 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging method. The secondary metabolites present in the methanolic leaves extracts were evaluated using LC-MS. Odhiambo et al; EJMP, 26(3): 1-11, 2018; Article no.EJMP.46601 2 Results: The extracts of C. hildebrandtii showed a significantly higher antioxidant activity (IC 50 = 8.7 mg/mL) compared to C. rotundifolium (IC 50 = 28.5 mg/mL). Both methanolic extracts of C. hildebrandtii and C. rotundifolium had common and different types of flavonoids such as quercetin, rutin, (+)-catechin 3-O-gallate and luteolin 6-C-glucoside among others that could be responsible for the observed antioxidant activity.…”