Contraceptive Efficacy of a Novel Spermicidal Microbicide Used With a Diaphragm

Barnhart, Kurt T.; Rosenberg, Michael J.; MacKay, H. Trent; Blithe, Diana L.; Higgins, James; Walsh, Terri; Wan, Livia; Thomas, Michael A.; Creinin, Mitchell D.; Westhoff, Carolyn; Schlaff, William D.; Archer, David F.; Ayers, Charletta; Kaunitz, Andrew M.; Das, Sutapa; Moench, Thomas R.

doi:10.1097/01.aog.0000278078.45640.13

Cited by 56 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Mild genital irritation and moderate colposcopic findings were slightly more frequent in the BufferGel and Acidform groups compared with KY Jelly [48]. A contraceptive effectiveness trial of BufferGel with diaphragm demonstrated no significant difference in colposcopic findings or genital symptoms compared with the control arm [13]. The control for this study was the diaphragm used with nonoxynol-9 (N-9), which causes genital epithelial disruption with frequent use [49].…”

Section: Vaginal Defense Enhancersmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…No agent has, so far, been demonstrated to be effective as a microbicide. It is estimated that approximately 60-80 different products are currently in development including several undergoing safety and effectiveness trials (Table 1) [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. Several published reviews provide excellent overviews of microbicide clinical research and the development pathway of candidate products [21 ,22 ,23-26,27 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Microbicide safety and effectiveness: an overview of recent clinical trials

Poynten

Brown²,

Sovero³

et al. 2008

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

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Section: Vaginal Defense Enhancersmentioning

confidence: 84%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbicide safety and effectiveness: an overview of recent clinical trials

Poynten

Brown²,

Sovero³

et al. 2008

Current Opinion in HIV and AIDS

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“…BufferGel was tested in conjunction with a diaphragm. Pregnancy rates over a 6-month period were 10.1% compared with the control group using diaphragm with nonoxynol-9 at 12.3% [137]. Unfortunately, neither C31G nor BufferGel has demonstrated significant protection against HIV infection to date [138].…”

Section: Future Spermicidal Agentsmentioning

confidence: 98%

New frontiers in female contraception (and male condoms): 2012

Nelson

2012

Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs

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The goal of being planned and prepared for pregnancies is still only an abstract concept. Significant barriers to success from traditional sources (ambivalence, cultural and societal beliefs, the status of women, poverty) persist and are now joined by many other emerging structural problems. The consolidation of pharmaceutical companies reduces competition. The loss of profitability for contraceptives due to short-lasting patents, growing demand for generics and growing challenges from product liability reduce incentives for innovation. Healthcare reform in the US may further discourage new product development. However, new advances may still be possible from small start-up companies, philanthropic foundations and governmental research efforts. Other advances may be made by providing contraception in innovative ways and in the techniques we use to motivate patients to be more successful contraceptors.

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“…The contraceptive effects, safety, and acceptability of this compound have been evaluated in a multicentre, randomised, double-masked, noninferiority trial carried out in 11 centres 35 . In this trial, 621 women who used an acid buffering gel plus diaphragm were compared with 300 women who used a N-9 spermicide plus diaphragm during six months.…”

Section: Searching For New Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-art of non-hormonal methods of contraception: II. Chemical barrier contraceptives

Batar

2010

The European Journal of Contraception & Reproductive Health

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Chemical contraceptives mainly known as spermicides are one of the oldest types of contraceptives. The industrial revolution facilitated new developments, and they became a leading and widespread method. However, their use declined in the second half of the 20th century, and came under focus again only with the upsurge of sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The effectiveness of spermicides depends on the users' compliance and pregnancy rates vary widely: from 6/100 woman-year (with perfect use) to 26/100 woman-year (with typical use). Preparations consist of two components: an excipient (foam, cream, jelly, soluble film, suppository or tablet); and a chemical agent with spermicidal properties (acidic compound, microbicidal agent, detergent). The most widely used active agent has been the surface active (detergent) nonoxynol-9 (N-9). Based on their mode of action (surfactant effect of detergents, enzymatic action of microbicides on cell metabolism) spermicides were thought to provide protection against STIs including HIV. Recent studies have, however, shown that detergents may actually increase the risk. Because of this, there is an urgent need for a suitable non-detergent spermicide, and research should focus on developing new compounds to replace N-9 and other agents having similar undesired effects. This paper reviews the latest studies reporting results on these recent developments.

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Contraceptive Efficacy of a Novel Spermicidal Microbicide Used With a Diaphragm

Abstract: I.

Cited by 56 publications

References 28 publications

Microbicide safety and effectiveness: an overview of recent clinical trials

Microbicide safety and effectiveness: an overview of recent clinical trials

New frontiers in female contraception (and male condoms): 2012

State-of-the-art of non-hormonal methods of contraception: II. Chemical barrier contraceptives

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