“…Studies by Leslie and Schuster (1990), Petosa (1984 and1985), Wilson and Fuenning (1979), and Wilson and Eisenhauer (1982) were able to show positive effects from use of contracts using "healthy" populations, but the dependent variables were generally of the cognitive variety and show little if any influence at the behavioral level. Behaviorally, the contract as an independent variable has resulted in mixed outcomes.…”