Contraction-induced upper extremity H reflexes: Normative values

Bodofsky, Elliot

doi:10.1016/s0003-9993(99)90200-9

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Small fractions of responses (25% in predictable and 5% in unpredictable condition) showed fast response with latency below 25 ms. This value, reported also by other authors [13] , [27] , [34] , may depend on differences on subjects height as the spinal reflex are correlated to arm length [35] . In fact, most of responses below 25 ms were recorded in two subjects with the lowest height.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Effects of Predictability of Load Magnitude on the Response of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis to a Sudden Fingers Extension

2014

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Muscle reflexes, evoked by opposing a sudden joint displacement, may be modulated by several factors associated with the features of the mechanical perturbation. We investigated the variations of muscle reflex response in relation to the predictability of load magnitude during a reactive grasping task. Subjects were instructed to flex the fingers 2–5 very quickly after a stretching was exerted by a handle pulled by loads of 750 or 1250 g. Two blocks of trials, one for each load (predictable condition), and one block of trials with a randomized distribution of the loads (unpredictable condition) were performed. Kinematic data were collected by an electrogoniometer attached to the middle phalanx of the digit III while the electromyography of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle was recorded by surface electrodes. For each trial we measured the kinematics of the finger angular rotation, the latency of muscle response and the level of muscle activation recorded below 50 ms (short-latency reflex), between 50 and 100 ms (long-latency reflex) and between 100 and 140 ms (initial portion of voluntary response) from the movement onset. We found that the latency of the muscle response lengthened from predictable (35.5±1.3 ms for 750 g and 35.5±2.5 ms for 1250 g) to unpredictable condition (43.6±1.3 ms for 750 g and 40.9±2.1 ms for 1250 g) and the level of muscle activation increased with load magnitude. The parallel increasing of muscle activation and load magnitude occurred within the window of the long-latency reflex during the predictable condition, and later, at the earliest portion of the voluntary response, in the unpredictable condition. Therefore, these results indicate that when the amount of an upcoming perturbation is known in advance, the muscle response improves, shortening the latency and modulating the muscle activity in relation to the mechanical demand.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Effects of Predictability of Load Magnitude on the Response of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis to a Sudden Fingers Extension

2014

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“…This has been used to investigate musculoskeletal injury ( Hopkins and Palmieri, 2004 ), neurological conditions ( Braddom and Johnson, 1974 ), exercise based adaptations ( Earles et al, 2002 ), and fatigue ( Latella et al, 2017 ). The reliability of the H-reflex has generally been reported in the upper limbs ( Miller et al, 1995 ; Bodofsky, 1999 ) and ankle flexors ( Hopkins et al, 2000 ; Palmieri et al, 2002 ). There is, however, some debate around the reliability of these measures in the VM.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Reliability of Neurological Measurement in the Vastus Medialis: Implications for Research and Practice

et al. 2018

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The integrity of the corticomotor pathway is paramount in the optimal functioning of skeletal muscle. However, variability of neurophysiological assessment via peripheral nerve and transcranial magnetic stimulation can render interpretation difficult. Seldom evidence exists regarding the reliability of such measurements in the leg extensors, which have important locomotive and functional roles. This study aimed to assess the test-retest reliability of peripheral, corticospinal and intracortical responses in the vastus medialis. Transcranial magnetic and direct current electrical nerve stimulation were delivered to sixteen healthy young adults (8M and 8F) on two separate occasions. The Hoffmann reflex, maximal compound wave, motor evoked potential, corticospinal silent period, intracortical facilitation, and short-interval intracortical inhibition were recorded from the vastus medialis at rest, and during controlled submaximal voluntary contraction. Relative reliability was quantified using intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC2,1). Absolute reliability was quantified using standard error of measurement (SEm) and minimal detectable change (MDC). Corticospinal silent period, corticospinal silent period/motor evoked potential ratio, active motor evoked potential, maximal Hoffman reflex, and passive short-interval intracortical inhibition demonstrated “good to excellent” relative reliability (ICC ≥ 0.643). Intracortical facilitation demonstrated the lowest relative reliability (ICC = 0.420–0.908). Corticospinal silent period displayed the lowest absolute reliability (SEm ≤ 18.68%). Good reliability of the maximal compound wave, Hoffman reflex, motor evoked potential, and corticospinal silent period allow for reliable neurological evaluation of peripheral and corticospinal pathways in the vastus medialis. Future research should investigate reliability of the intracortical (short-interval intracortical inhibition and intracortical facilitation) measures by using different paired-pulse stimulus parameters. These findings hold important implications for neurophysiological assessment conducted in the leg extensor group.

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“…The participants were all males, which may limit the generalizability of the results. However, gender has been reported to have no significant effect on H-reflex studies [29]. Including both genders in future studies is recommended to confirm the applicability of the current findings in females.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 59%

Reliability of the Soleus H-Reflex in Different Sitting Postures

2020

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The Soleus (SOL) Hoffmann reflex (H-reflex) is commonly recorded in sitting position. However, the reliability of recording is unknown. We assessed the reliability of SOL H-reflex amplitude measurements across multiple traces and sessions during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures using the generalizability theory. Five traces of the SOL H-reflex maximum amplitude (Hmax) were recorded from 10 healthy participants during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures in two sessions. A decision study analysis was then conducted to calculate the reliability coefficients of the Hmax for five traces and two sessions and to mathematically calculate the coefficients for seven and ten traces, and one and three sessions in the three sitting postures. For five traces and two sessions, the results showed reliability coefficients between 0.970 and 0.971, 0.980 and 0.979, and equal to 0.943 for erect, slumped, and slouched sitting, respectively. Averaging five traces of the Hmax in a single recording session was sufficient to obtain acceptable reliability in the three sitting postures (reliability range, 0.892–0.988). It was concluded that the SOL Hmax can be recorded during erect, slumped, and slouched sitting postures with adequate reliability.

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Contraction-induced upper extremity H reflexes: Normative values

Cited by 19 publications

References 6 publications

Effects of Predictability of Load Magnitude on the Response of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis to a Sudden Fingers Extension

Effects of Predictability of Load Magnitude on the Response of the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis to a Sudden Fingers Extension

The Reliability of Neurological Measurement in the Vastus Medialis: Implications for Research and Practice

Reliability of the Soleus H-Reflex in Different Sitting Postures

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