Contrast-enhanced CT- and MRI-based perfusion assessment for pulmonary diseases: basics and clinical applications

Ohno, Yoshiharu; Koyama, Hisanobu; Lee, Ho Yun; Miura, S.; Yoshikawa, Takeshi; Sugimura, Kazuro

doi:10.5152/dir.2016.16123

Cited by 29 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 109 publications

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“…During the same period, the parallel imaging technique, as well as fast GRE with short TE or ultra-short TE using contrast media, was proposed for time-resolved (or 4D) contrast-enhanced (CE) MR angiography or dynamic CEperfusion MRI, while investigations were started of velocityencoded (or phase-encoded) MR imaging for pulmonary vascular diseases, as well as thoracic oncology in routine clinical practice. 2,3,18,25,27,28,31 The recently introduced radial acquisition of k-space data from free induction decay (FID) can reduce TE to less than 200 μs, thus minimizing signal decay caused by short transverse relaxation time (T2/T2*). It has, therefore, been suggested that the development of UTE or ZTE sequences could be a game changer for pulmonary MR imaging 32,[43][44][45][46][47][48] because the UTE sequence allows for better visualization of the endogenous MR signal of lung parenchyma than can be obtained with the conventional short echo image sequence.…”

Section: Brief History Of Thoracic Mr Imaging Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-art MR Imaging for Thoracic Diseases

Tanaka

Ohno

Hanamatsu

et al. 2022

MRMS

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Since thoracic MR imaging was first used in a clinical setting, it has been suggested that MR imaging has limited clinical utility for thoracic diseases, especially lung diseases, in comparison with x-ray CT and positron emission tomography (PET)/CT. However, in many countries and states and for specific indications, MR imaging has recently become practicable. In addition, recently developed pulmonary MR imaging with ultra-short TE (UTE) and zero TE (ZTE) has enhanced the utility of MR imaging for thoracic diseases in routine clinical practice. Furthermore, MR imaging has been introduced as being capable of assessing pulmonary function. It should be borne in mind, however, that these applications have so far been academically and clinically used only for healthy volunteers, but not for patients with various pulmonary diseases in Japan or other countries. In 2020, the Fleischner Society published a new report, which provides consensus expert opinions regarding appropriate clinical indications of pulmonary MR imaging for not only oncologic but also pulmonary diseases. This review article presents a brief history of MR imaging for thoracic diseases regarding its technical aspects and major clinical indications in Japan 1) in terms of what is currently available, 2) promising but requiring further validation or evaluation, and 3) developments warranting research investigations in preclinical or patient studies. State-of-the-art MR imaging can non-invasively visualize lung structural and functional abnormalities without ionizing radiation and thus provide an alternative to CT. MR imaging is considered as a tool for providing unique information. Moreover, prospective, randomized, and multi-center trials should be conducted to directly compare MR imaging with conventional methods to determine whether the former has equal or superior clinical relevance. The results of these trials together with continued improvements are expected to update or modify recommendations for the use of MRI in near future.

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Section: Brief History Of Thoracic Mr Imaging Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-art MR Imaging for Thoracic Diseases

Tanaka

Ohno

Hanamatsu

et al. 2022

MRMS

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“…However, we use MR angiography in the form of fast dynamic temporally high-resolution MR angiographies of the thorax for a completely different aspect. With time-resolved angiography (time-resolved angiography with stochastic trajectories, or TWIST), the entire lung can be examined in 2-3 s. This makes it possible to identify the optimal contrast medium phase in the lung after the application of contrast medium in the first-pass procedure [23]. In the optimal contrast phase of the lung parenchyma, the non-contrasted areas of the lung can thus be well delimited.…”

Section: General Recommendations For Good Lung Magnetic Resonance Imamentioning

confidence: 99%

The current status and further prospects for lung magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric radiology

Hirsch¹,

Sorge²,

Vogel‐Claussen

et al. 2020

Pediatr Radiol

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Lung MRI makes it possible to replace up to 90% of CT examinations with radiation-free magnetic resonance diagnostics of the lungs without suffering any diagnostic loss. The individual radiation exposure can thus be relevantly reduced. This applies in particular to children who repeatedly require sectional imaging of the lung, e.g., in tumor surveillance or in chronic lung diseases such as cystic fibrosis. In this paper we discuss various factors that favor the establishment of lung MRI in the clinical setting. Among the many sequences proposed for lung imaging, respiration-triggered T2-W turbo spin-echo (TSE) sequences have been established as a good standard for children. Additional sequences are mostly dispensable. The most important pulmonary findings are demonstrated here in the form of a detailed pictorial essay. T1-weighted gradient echo sequences with ultrashort echo time are a new option. These sequences anticipate signal loss in the lung and deliver CT-like images with high spatial resolution. When using self-gated T1-W ultrashort echo time 3-D sequences that acquire iso-voxel geometry in the submillimeter range, secondary reconstructions are possible.

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“…While CT and MR angiography methods are available, they often require injection of contrast agents and very specific imaging protocols. 91,92 Unlike these methods, CFPA analysis can be done with prior CT scans and does not require contrast agents. CFPA has been validated through preclinical studies, 93,94 and is currently in the process of clinical validation.…”

Section: X-ray Velocimetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Will Airway Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis Improve Lung Function? New Imaging Technologies Can Help Us Find Out

Parsons

Donnelley

2020

Human Gene Therapy

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The promise of genetic therapies has turned into reality in recent years, with new first-line treatments for fatal diseases now available to patients. The development and testing of genetic therapies for respiratory diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF) has also progressed. The addition of gene editing to the genetic agent toolbox, and its early success in other organ systems, suggests we will see rapid expansion of gene correction options for CF in the future. Although substantial progress has been made in creating techniques and genetic agents that can be highly effective for CF correction in vitro, physiologically relevant functional in vivo changes have been largely prevented by poor delivery efficiency within the lungs. Somewhat hidden from view, however, is the absence of reliable, accurate, detailed, and noninvasive outcome measures that can detect subtle disease and treatment effects in the lungs of humans or animal models. The ability to measure the fundamental function of the lung-ventilation, the effective transport of air throughout the lung-has been constrained by the available measurement technologies. Without sensitive measurement methods, it is difficult to quantify the effectiveness of genetic therapies for CF. The mainstays of lung health assessment are spirometry, which cannot provide adequate disease localization and is not sensitive enough to detect small early changes in disease; and computed tomography, which provides structural rather than functional information. Magnetic resonance imaging using hyperpolarized gases is increasingly useful for lung ventilation assessment, and it removes the radiation risk that accompanies X-ray methods. A new lung imaging technique, X-ray velocimetry, can now offer highly detailed regional lung ventilation information well suited to the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring needs of CF lung disease, particularly after the application of genetic therapies. In this review, we discuss the options now available for imaging-based lung function measurement in the generation and use of genetic and other therapies for treating CF lung disease.

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Contrast-enhanced CT- and MRI-based perfusion assessment for pulmonary diseases: basics and clinical applications

Cited by 29 publications

References 109 publications

State-of-the-art MR Imaging for Thoracic Diseases

State-of-the-art MR Imaging for Thoracic Diseases

The current status and further prospects for lung magnetic resonance imaging in pediatric radiology

Will Airway Gene Therapy for Cystic Fibrosis Improve Lung Function? New Imaging Technologies Can Help Us Find Out

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