Contrast Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain Using Gadolinium-DTPA

Abstract

This report concerns a clinical trial with gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) as an intravenous contrast medium for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with disorders of the central nervous system. Fifty patients, 30 females and 20 males, were examined without and with Gd-DTPA. The contrast medium was well tolerated by all patients. The results of MRI scanning without and with Gd-DTPA and those obtained with computed tomography (CT) using intravenous contrast enhancement were compared. This investigation comprised mainly patients with intracranial tumors, multiple sclerosis, and nasopharyngeal tumors. The results may be summarized as follows: I) MRI with Gd-DTPA (MRI +) gave better results than MRI without Gd as regards delineation of the lesion, blood vessels and edema in cerebral tumors, pituitary adenomas and acute forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). 2) MRI+ was better than CT in 32 of the 50 cases examined; with intracerebral tumors it was better in 15 out of 18 cases. 3) MRI + was always better than CT in patients with MS. In 3 out of 7 cases MRI demonstrated the acute MS lesions. 4) MRI + seemed to have advantages also in nasopharyngeal tumors as ascertained from this limited experience.

MEMRI‐based imaging pipeline for guiding preclinical studies in mouse models of sporadic medulloblastoma

“…In addition, MRI has been used to study heterogeneity in clinical presentation across different subtypes of MB. 30,31 Although gadolinium-enhanced MRI is a prevalent method for detection of central nervous system tumors in the clinic, usually producing positive lesion contrast, 32 it does not effectively delineate MB tumor margins in genetically-engineered mouse models. 16,33 In contrast, T1-weighted manganese-enhanced MRI (MEMRI) has been shown to produce unparalleled contrast-to-noise ratio images of the cerebellum 34,35 and enables early detection and monitoring of MB from preneoplastic lesions to advanced tumors 16 in mice.…”

The history of magnetic resonance imaging and its reflections in Acta Radiologica

“…Soon contrast-enhanced sequences became part of routine imaging. The first applications were to improve the detection of tumors or inflammation through contrast enhancement on T1-weighted images, as reported in Acta Radiologica as early as 1987 (91,92). Paramagnetic contrast media have a T1-shortening effect (below a certain concentration) and are thus positive contrast media, causing increased signal intensity.…”

Triple‐Dose Versus Single‐Dose Gadoteridol in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

“…In the case of computed tomography (CT), double doses of iodinated contrast agents have shown strong tolerability [1] and increased diagnostic accuracy in MS patients when compared to the conventional dose [2]. Mushlin and colleagues [3] found noncontrast MRI to be superior to double-dose CT in detecting MS. MRI performed with intravenous contrast agents (gadolinium [Gd]) has further been shown to provide better results when compared to noncontrast MRI [ 4]. Although there is limited experience with high-dose MRI contrast agents in MS [3], studies on cerebral metastases [6][7][8] conclusively showed the superiority of high-dose Gd (> 0.1 mmol!kg) over the standard dose (0.1 mmollkg).…”