Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) in Imaging of the Reproductive System in Dogs: A Literature Review

Sinagra, Letizia; Orlandi, Riccardo; Caspanello, Tiziana; Troisi, Alessandro; Iannelli, Nicola Maria; Vallesi, Emanuela; Pettinà, G; Bargellini, Paolo; Majo, Massimo De; Boiti, Cristiano; Cristarella, Santo; Quartuccio, Marco; Polisca, Angela

doi:10.3390/ani13101615

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) was introduced with more confidence and security in medicine in the 90s to evaluate cardiac perfusion [44]. Currently, this imaging modality is being widely used in medicine and veterinary medicine to evaluate renal tissue perfusion and hepatic, reproductive, and neoplastic tissues, for example [44][45][46][47][48][49].…”

Section: Introduction To Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography (Ceus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Ercolin,

Uchôa,

Aires

et al. 2024

Animals

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The aim of this literature review was to present the novel imaging modalities elastography and contrast-enhanced ultrasonography. We provided an overview of the concepts and applications of each technique for the investigation of neoplastic and metastatic tumors in dogs and cats. Studies on elastography are based on the elasticity and deformation of the evaluated tissue. The information obtained from the different types of elastography can aid in the detection and differentiation of malignant and benign structures. Descriptions of elastography studies in several organs and tissue in veterinary medicine reported that, in general, malignant tumors tend to be more rigid and, therefore, less deformable than benign lesions or in comparison to the healthy parenchyma. Contrast-enhanced ultrasonography is based on the intravenous injection of contrast media constituted by microbubbles. This imaging modality can be performed in nonsedated animals and provides information on the tissue perfusion, allowing the investigation of macro- and micro-circulation. Studies on different organs and tissues were performed in dogs and cats and revealed a tendency of malignant tumors to present faster transit of the contrast media (time to wash-in, peak and wash-out). These advanced techniques can be associated with other imaging modalities, aiding important information to the well-established exams of B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography. They can be used as screening tests, potentially representing an alternative to the invasive sampling methods required for cytological and histopathological analysis.

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Section: Introduction To Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography (Ceus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CEUS is a quali-quantitative evaluation based on the study of the enhancement of patterns and the measurement of perfusion parameters, such as mean transit time (time from contrast injection until its complete clearance) [49].…”

Section: Introduction To Contrast-enhanced Ultrasonography (Ceus)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Ercolin,

Uchôa,

Aires

et al. 2024

Animals

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“…The first applications of CEUS in veterinary medicine involved the liver, kidneys, spleen, and lymph nodes [ 22 , 24 ]. Recently, this technique has also found wide application in canine reproduction [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. The application of CEUS for the evaluation of ovarian activity [ 28 ] and pregnancy [ 29 , 30 ], but also during pyometra [ 31 , 32 ], has been described in the bitch.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) Evaluation of Canine Prostatic Hyperplasia before and after Osaterone Acetate Therapy: Preliminary Results

Pettina,

Bucci,

Mazzetti

et al. 2024

Animals

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The prostate is the only sexual gland of the male dog, and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) regulates its growth. In intact dogs, constant DHT stimulation results in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) that can be treated with osaterone acetate (OSA). This study describes the effects of OSA treatment, detected by contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS), highlighting prostatic vascularization with a contrast agent composed of gas microbubbles. Fifteen dogs (2–8 years) of different sizes and breeds (4–30 kg) diagnosed with BPH are involved in the study. Before treatment (D0), CPSE is measured (294.05 ± 115.97 ng/mL), and a B-mode ultrasound is performed (Vratio = 2.80 ± 1.85), confirming BPH. CEUS highlights the length of the wash-in (11.93 ± 2.08 s) and wash-out (42.20 ± 6.99 s) phases of the contrast agent in the prostate and the presence of cysts and parenchymal alteration. Dogs are treated with OSA (0.5 mg/kg for 7 days) and reassessed after 21 days (D1): CPSE and prostate volume are significantly (p < 0.001) reduced. The length of the wash-in (14.73 ± 2.54 s) and wash-out (51.13 ± 6.03 s) phases are significantly (p < 0.001) increased. The results confirm the effectiveness of the treatment, particularly the reduction in prostatic perfusion, confirmed by the increase in diffusion times of the contrast. Although preliminary, these findings are promising for the use of CEUS in monitoring dogs with BPH.

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Latest advances in hepatocellular carcinoma management and prevention through advanced technologies

Addissouky,

Sayed,

Ali

et al. 2024

Egypt Liver Journal

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Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common type of liver cancer, with a high mortality rate. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a type of liver cancer that can be effectively managed through early detection and accurate diagnosis, followed by a personalized treatment plan that may include surgical resection, liver transplantation, minimally-invasive techniques, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy depending on the stage and severity of the cancer. Main body of the abstract This paper discusses recent advances in the early detection, management, and prevention of HCC. The use of newer imaging techniques, such as Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and contrast-enhanced ultrasound, along with image segmentation technology and deep learning models, have greatly enhanced the accuracy of HCC detection and diagnosis. Minimally-invasive techniques, such as thermal ablation and radiofrequency ablation, have allowed for more precise and targeted destruction of tumors, while Nanoparticles, immunotherapy and targeted therapy have shown promise in the management of advanced stage HCC. The use of Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning has revolutionized HCC research, aiding in the identification of high-risk patients and predicting outcomes. Lifestyle modifications, such as weight management, alcohol avoidance, and hepatitis B vaccinations, can play a critical role in preventing HCC development. Short conclusion Recent advances in early detection, management, and prevention of HCC have shown promise in improving patient outcomes. The use of newer imaging techniques, minimally-invasive techniques, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and AI and machine learning have greatly enhanced HCC research and management, while lifestyle modifications can play a critical role in prevention. However, further research is required to fully understand the potential benefits of nanoparticles, traditional Chinese medicine and herbal medicines in HCC treatment. Graphical Abstract

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Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasonography (CEUS) in Imaging of the Reproductive System in Dogs: A Literature Review

Cited by 4 publications

References 102 publications

Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Use of New Ultrasonography Methods for Detecting Neoplasms in Dogs and Cats: A Review

Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) Evaluation of Canine Prostatic Hyperplasia before and after Osaterone Acetate Therapy: Preliminary Results

Latest advances in hepatocellular carcinoma management and prevention through advanced technologies

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