Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Evaluation of Splenic Embolization in Patients with Definite Left-Sided Infective Endocarditis

Menozzi, Guido; Maccabruni, Valeria; Gabbi, Ermanno; Leone, Nicola; Calzolari, Massimo

doi:10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2013.06.012

Cited by 5 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 9 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Enhancement will be absent in patients with total splenic infarction [230]. CEUS can identify asymptomatic splenic infarction in patients with pancreatitis [237] and infective endocarditis [238].…”

Section: Splenic Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for the Clinical Practice of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in Non-Hepatic Applications: Update 2017 (Long Version)

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Section: Splenic Infarctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for the Clinical Practice of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in Non-Hepatic Applications: Update 2017 (Long Version)

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Table 2 presents the results obtained from strategy 2 (pathology and histopathology), also for the whole period [52,53]. The number of left-sided IE episodes ranged from six to nearly three thousand patients [30,37], and the mean age of the patients ranged from 43 to 70 years. Males were the most affected in all studies (54-92.3%), except in the study by Menozzi et al, where only 47.6% were men; however, the very small number of patients included in that study must be considered (n = 6).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Table 1 presents the results obtained from strategy 1 (imaging examinations) over the entire literature search period and includes 27 articles [ 7 , 11 , 20 , 21 , 25 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ]. Table 2 presents the results obtained from strategy 2 (pathology and histopathology), also for the whole period [ 52 , 53 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Splenic Embolism in Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review of the Literature with an Emphasis on Radiological and Histopathological Diagnoses

Moreira,

Feijóo,

Tinoco-da-Silva

et al. 2024

TropicalMed

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Infective endocarditis (IE) is characterised by fever, heart murmurs, and emboli. Splenic emboli are frequent in left-sided IE. A systematic review of the literature published on splenic embolism (SE) between 2000 and 2023 was conducted. Search strategies in electronic databases identified 2751 studies published between 1 January 2000 and 4 October 2023, of which 29 were finally included. The results showed that the imaging tests predominantly used to detect embolisms were computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography (PET)/CT, single-photon emission computed tomography/CT, ultrasound, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound. More recent studies typically used 18F-FDG PET-CT. The proportion of SE ranged from 1.4% to 71.7%. Only seven studies performed systematic conventional CT screening for intra-abdominal emboli, and the weighted mean frequency of SE was 22% (range: 8–34.8%). 18F-FDG PET-CT was performed systematically in seven studies, and splenic uptake was found in a weighted mean of 4.5%. There was a lack of uniformity in the published literature regarding the frequency and management of splenic embolisation. CT scans were the most frequently used method, until recently, when 18F-FDG PET-CT scans began to predominate. More data are necessary regarding the frequency of SE, especially focusing on their impact on IE management and prognosis.

show abstract

“…Indeed, vascular phenomena are considered in the revised Duke criteria for the diagnosis of IE [5,6], and furthermore splenic infarctions should be persistently sought since they represent either a complication or an important diagnostic clue. Since splenic infarctions are often asymptomatic and gray-scale sonography of the spleen is not sensitive enough to detect them [7], clinicians must apply to heavy techniques such as computed tomography or magnetic resonance for the evaluation of splenic vascular defects. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is considered as accurate as computed tomography for the detection of vascular defects of the spleen [8] and this technique is easily applicable to patients even at the bedside.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, the spleen is almost always visualized at ultrasonography, making CEUS applicable to virtually all patients. In this study, we prospectively evaluated the prevalence of embolization of the spleen in 18 consecutive patients with definite left-sided IE using CEUS, six of which constituted a previously published series [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation with contrast ultrasound of the prevalence of splenic infarction in left-sided infective endocarditis

Menozzi

Maccabruni²,

Gabbi

et al. 2014

J Ultrasound

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose To prospectively evaluate the prevalence of the embolization of the spleen in patients with definite leftsided infective endocarditis (IE) using a contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). Methods From March 2012 through September 2013, 18 consecutive patients (9 females and 9 males, aged 21-83 years) evaluated at our hospital and with definite left-sided IE according to the revised Duke criteria were enrolled. All of the patients gave informed written consent and the study was performed in conformity with the ethical guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki. All of the patients were submitted to a CEUS of the spleen within 10 days after the definite diagnosis of IE. For the CEUS, a blood pool second-generation contrast agent and an ultrasound machine with a contrast harmonic imaging technology were used. Results The splenic CEUS showed infarctions in 11 patients (61 %) and resulted positive in the 2 patients with negative echocardiography. Conclusions In this study, CEUS of the spleen, a repeatable and low-cost imaging technique, easily allowed the bedside detection of asymptomatic and even tiny infarctions and showed a high rate of embolization in patients with definite left-sided IE. Therefore, in the setting of IE (possible or definite), CEUS of the spleen has the potential to better define or accelerate the diagnosis itself.Keywords Spleen Á Endocarditis Á Ultrasound Á Contrast Á Embolization Riassunto Scopo valutare prospetticamente la prevalenza di embolizzazione splenica in pazienti con endocardite infettiva (EI) certa del cuore sinistro con l'utilizzo dell'ecografia con mezzo di contrasto (CEUS). Metodi lo studio è stato effettuato presso il nostro Ospedale dal marzo 2012 al settembre 2013; sono stati arruolati 18 pazienti consecutivi (9 femmine e 9 maschi, con età compresa tra 21 e 83 anni) con diagnosi di EI certa del cuore sinistro secondo i criteri Duke rivisti. Tutti i pazienti hanno dato il loro consenso informato scritto e lo studio è stato condotto in conformità con le linee guida etiche della Dichiarazione di Helsinki. Tutti i pazienti sono stati sottoposti ad una CEUS della milza entro 10 giorni dalla diagnosi di EI certa del cuore sinistro. Per la CEUS è stato utilizzato un mezzo di contrasto di seconda generazione ed un ecografo dotato di imaging armonico.Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s40477-014-0131-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Ultrasound (2015) 18:223-227 DOI 10.1007 Risultati la CEUS ha mostrato la presenza di infarto della milza in 11 pazienti (61%) ed è risultata positiva nei 2 pazienti con indagine ecocardiografica negativa. Conclusioni in questo studio la CEUS della milza, una tecnica di imaging ripetibile e a basso costo, ha permesso facilmente la identificazione al letto del paziente di infarti asintomatici, anche di piccole dimensioni; ha dimostrato che nei pazienti con EI del cuore sinistro c'è una elevata frequenza di embolizzazione splenica. Pertanto, nel contesto di ...

show abstract

Contrast-enhanced Ultrasound Evaluation of Splenic Embolization in Patients with Definite Left-Sided Infective Endocarditis

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

The EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for the Clinical Practice of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in Non-Hepatic Applications: Update 2017 (Long Version)

The EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations for the Clinical Practice of Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound (CEUS) in Non-Hepatic Applications: Update 2017 (Long Version)

Splenic Embolism in Infective Endocarditis: A Systematic Review of the Literature with an Emphasis on Radiological and Histopathological Diagnoses

Evaluation with contrast ultrasound of the prevalence of splenic infarction in left-sided infective endocarditis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About