CONTRAST-INDUCED NEPHROPATHY; INCIDENCES & RISK FACTORS AFTER CORONARY ANGIOGRAM

Abstract

ABSTRACT… Introduction: Contrast induced nephropathy (CIN) is a disorder characterized by the onset of acute renal failure within 24 to 72 hours after the administration of iodinated contrast medium after coronary angiography. CIN is associated with prolonged hospitalization and adverse clinical outcomes. The objective of this study is to determine the frequency of contrast induced nephropathy in patients of coronary artery disease undergoing coronary angiography in local population. Setting: Department of Cardiology, Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology. Period: 16-04-2016 to 15-10-2016. Subjects and Methods: 200 patients of coronary artery disease booked for coronary angiogram. Study design was Cross-sectional. Baseline characteristic and history of risk factors of coronary artery disease were noted. Serum creatinine level was recorded at baseline and after 48 hours of angiography by sending blood sample to the hospital pathology department and were noted. Contrast induced nephropathy was assessed. Results: Mean age of the patients was 53.61±12.48 year. Patients with age between 30-50 years were 76(38%) and patients with age 51-70 years were 124 (62%). Out of 200 patients, 130 (65%) were males while remaining 70 (35%) were females. In the study population 14 (7%) developed contrast induced nephropathy (CIN). Mostly patients of 51-70 years of age group developed CIN. CIN was reported in 9(6.92%) male patients and 5(7.1%) female patients. Among diabetic 4 (3.57%) patient developed CIN. Among hypertensive patients 2 (2.77%) patient developed CIN. Similarly in patients presented with acute coronary syndrome 8 (7.61%) patient developed CIN. Conclusion: In conclusion, contrast induced nephropathy in patients with coronary artery disease undergoing coronary angiogram was found in 7%. CIN is a relative common finding following coronary angiography in patients especially in elderly and male patients. More incidences of CIN were noted in patients presented with acute coronary syndrome and in diabetic patients. key words:Contrast induced nephropathy, Coronary angiography.