Contrast Orientation in Daphnia Magna and Its Significance for Vertical Plane Orientation in the Pelagic Biotope in General

Ringelberg, J.; Buis, Roger; Flik, Ben J. G.

doi:10.1163/002829675x00065

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…For the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia, an optical orientation mechanism has been described by which the morphologically dorsal part of the compound eye becomes fixed to contrasts (Ringelberg, 1964;Ringelberg et al, 1975). In the pelagic area, contrasts are found in the light-dark boundary at 48°30' of Snellius' window.…”

Section: Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Light Intensity and Diel Vertical Migration: a Comparison of Marine and Freshwater Environments

Ringelberg

1995

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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138

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Proximate aspects of diel vertical migration in the freshwater and marine environment are compared using data from the literature. Examples of migrations in both environments are presented, from which it is concluded that relative changes in light intensity before sunrise and after sunset are primary causes of migrations. Experiments have shown that photoreactive behaviour is enhanced in the presence of predators but inhibited by shortage of food. These factors are called secondary causal factors. A hierarchy of causal factors is proposed. In lakes fish exudates suffice but in marine biotopes like bays, it is possible that fish have to be actually present for enhancement to take effect. To what extent the presented stimulus-response mechanism holds for mesopelagic animals in oceans is discussed on the basis of vertical distributions of euphausiids.

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Section: Orientationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in Light Intensity and Diel Vertical Migration: a Comparison of Marine and Freshwater Environments

Ringelberg

1995

J. Mar. Biol. Ass.

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138

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“…Such apparatus often consist of a vessel containing experimental animals which is placed inside some kind of uniformly painted, rectangular or cylindrical chamber and irradiated with direct or diffused light . Schallek (1942Schallek ( , 1943 initially suggested the possible importance of ALD in zooplankton behavior, and others have since expanded his hypothesis (e .g ., Siebeck 1968 ;Siebeck & Ringelberg 1964;Ringelberg et al 1975) . The importance of ALD to zooplankton behavior is easily apparent when a D .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many cases, a light-dark boundary or contrast is apparent in the ALD at about 48° angle of incidence, and is caused by refraction of skylight at the water's surface (Snell's law). This contrast can provide a'beacon' for zooplankton orientation in the light field (Siebeck & Ringelberg 1969 ;Ringelberg 1964 ;Ringelberg et al 1975) . Sasaki's (1960) light vector diagram until the highest intensity was positioned at0°.…”

Section: Experimental Chambermentioning

confidence: 99%

A laboratory method for studying zooplankton swimming behaviors

1982

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A laboratory method is presented for studying zooplankton swimming behaviors such as phototaxis and photokinesis . The method attempts to standardize laboratory conditions and to minimize the effects of several phenomena which modify zooplankton behavior . The role of angular light distribution in zooplankton behavior is discussed, and an apparatus which simulates a natural underwater light environment is described . The procedure minimizes the fluctuations in zooplankton swimming speed and vertical distribution that are caused by large light stimuli, noise, food deprivation, endogenous rhythms, and other factors . The experimental animals were viewed remotely with the aid of a light amplifier and video camera . A mathematical equation and computer program for calculating three-dimensional swimming speeds of zooplankton from video recordings are described in detail .

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“…The optimal size of an eye for a given organism depends on its environment. In Daphnia, eyes likely benefit the animal by providing critical information for navigation (Schwind, 1999), orientation Ringelberg et al, 1974;Novales Flamarique & Browman, 2000) and resource location Young et al, 1984;Hamza & Ruggiu, 2000). However, eyes come at a cost as well.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection on incremental variation of eye size in a wild population ofDaphnia

Brandon

James

Dudycha

2015

J of Evolutionary Biology

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Several studies of eye morphology have analysed macroevolutionary patterns in the diversity of eyes, and although these studies are often linked to environment or behaviour, they provide only indirect evidence of selection. Specific data to show the microevolutionary potential for adaptation by natural selection in eye morphology have been lacking. We document directional selection on eye size, an important determinant of visual capabilities, in a wild population of the freshwater microcrustacean Daphnia. We show that even slight changes in eye size may have major consequences for fitness. An increase in eye diameter of 19.9 μm - slightly more than one standard deviation - is associated with an increase in clutch size of one egg, or an increase of nearly 20% of the mean clutch size. Furthermore, relative eye size is genetically variable and thus could evolve in response to the observed selective pressure. We conclude that selection on incremental variation in eye size may have led to differences observed on broader taxonomic scales.

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Contrast Orientation in Daphnia Magna and Its Significance for Vertical Plane Orientation in the Pelagic Biotope in General

Cited by 12 publications

References 0 publications

Changes in Light Intensity and Diel Vertical Migration: a Comparison of Marine and Freshwater Environments

Changes in Light Intensity and Diel Vertical Migration: a Comparison of Marine and Freshwater Environments

A laboratory method for studying zooplankton swimming behaviors

Selection on incremental variation of eye size in a wild population ofDaphnia

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