Contrast Polarities Determine the Direction of Café Wall Tilts

Kitaoka, Akiyoshi; Pinna, Baingio; Brelstaff, Gavin

doi:10.1068/p3346

Cited by 37 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…A variety of luminancebased illusions akin to the Cafe¨Wall illusion have recently been presented by Kitaoka (1998) and by Kitaoka et al (2004). The experimental data presented here agree with their observations on the direction of the distortions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Dancing Shapes: A Comparison of Luminance-Induced Distortions

Lier

Csathó

2006

Perception

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We present an illusory display in which a grid of outlined squares is positioned in front of a moving luminance gradient. Observers perceive a strong, illusory, 'wavelike' motion of the superimposed squares. We compared luminance effects on dynamic and static aspects of this illusion. The dynamic aspect was investigated by means of a temporal gradient, which induced an illusory pulsing of the outlined squares. The static aspect was investigated in two different ways. In one experiment, the outlined squares were positioned on a spatial gradient, which caused the squares to look like trapezoid shapes. In another experiment, the squares were positioned on different luminance fields, which affected their apparent size. In all experiments, luminance settings were the same, and observers were asked to indicate the direction and strength of the induced distortions. The overall results show large agreements between the dynamic distortion and the first-mentioned static distortion, whereas different tendencies emerged for the second static distortion. In a second series of experiments, we examined these distortions for various ranges of the luminance gradient and for border gradients as well. On the basis of these data, we explored how the directions of the perceived distortions of the single-gradient displays examined in this paper could be related to each other.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Dancing Shapes: A Comparison of Luminance-Induced Distortions

Lier

Csathó

2006

Perception

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“…Ninio and O'Regan (1996) suggested this effect as one among several possible sources of the Zöllner illusion. Pairs of forces of opposite directions, exerting a torque were also invoked by Kitaoka, Pinna, and Brelstaff (2004) to explain the tilts observed in the illusions of the café-wall family, which could be related to the Zöllner illusions. However, we prefer to leave this class of illusions out of the scope of the present analysis.…”

Section: Expansion Illusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orthogonal Expansion: A Neglected Factor in Tilt Illusions

Ninio

Pinna

2006

PSYCHOLOGIA -An International Journal of Psychological Sciences

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A broad collection of illusions belonging to the Zöllner and the Poggendorff families, including new variants -in particular, tilted and tilting squares -are examined in the light of two possible formal principles : a principle of regression to right angles (RRA) and a principle of "orthogonal expansion", which is a perceptual expansion of the extent perpendicularly to the inducing lines. The domains of validity of the two principles are compared. We propose that RRA is more pertinent when the target line is explicitely present and makes real intersections with the inducing lines. Orthogonal expansion can produce RRA as a side-effect. It would be more pertinent when there are several parallel or nearly parallel inducing lines, and it does not require the presence of a real target. Both principles may be grounded on neurophysiological mechanisms.Orientation detectors would influence each other in the orientation domain, generating RRA and accounting for the illusions of the Poggendorff family. They would also influence each other in the extent domain, generating orthogonal expansion, and accounting for the illusions of the Zöllner family.

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“…They showed that twisted cords are implicitly in the café wall pattern. Recently Kitaoka et al gave a phenomenological explanation in terms of contrast polarities ( [14]). There are also other studies about the café wall illusion.…”

Section: Simultaneous Contrast and Todorovic's Illusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are also other studies about the café wall illusion. For a brief history of this illusion, see Kitaoka et al [14].…”

Section: Simultaneous Contrast and Todorovic's Illusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Nonlinear Model of Visual Information Processing Based on Discrete Maximal Overlap Wavelets

Arai

2005

IIS

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The purpose of this paper is to give a new computational model of early visual information processing, and to simulate by using the model the occurrence of visual illusions. The model proposed in this paper is constructed as a maximal overlap biorthogonal wavelet filter bank equipped with a nonlinear processing modeled after ''contrast induction'' effect (for the definition, see Section 3). This model provides good computer simulations of the occurrence of many lightness illusions such as the Mach band, the Hermann grid, the Chevreul illusion, and other related illusions. Moreover, also the café wall illusion is studied by using the model.

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Contrast Polarities Determine the Direction of Café Wall Tilts

Cited by 37 publications

References 26 publications

Dancing Shapes: A Comparison of Luminance-Induced Distortions

Dancing Shapes: A Comparison of Luminance-Induced Distortions

Orthogonal Expansion: A Neglected Factor in Tilt Illusions

A Nonlinear Model of Visual Information Processing Based on Discrete Maximal Overlap Wavelets

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