Contrast sensitivity of amblyopic eyes in children with myopic anisometropia

Pang, Yi; Allen, Megan; Robinson, Julia; Frantz, Kelly A.

doi:10.1111/cxo.12817

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Previously, we reported that patients with amblyopia associated with myopic anisometropia had significantly reduced contrast sensitivity at the middle and higher spatial frequencies. 10 Although a contrast sensitivity function test measures an individual's contrast sensitivity thoroughly, it is a long procedure which may present some obstacles in routine clinical application. The automated ETDRS-CT test, which requires minimum effort from the participants and less clinical testing time may have a broader application in both clinical care and experimental trials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Repeatability of an automated ETDRS contrast threshold measurement

Pang

Sparschu

Wang

2021

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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This technical report presents the repeatability of an automated Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS) contrast threshold (ETDRS-CT) test in participants (N = 40) with normal vision as well as in subjects with reduced visual acuity. The automated ETDRS-CT test showed good testretest repeatability between the two administrations in both normal and reduced vision participants. Measurement at the retest yielded 0.05 log higher contrast sensitivity than at the first measurement, which might be due to a learning effect among participants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Repeatability of an automated ETDRS contrast threshold measurement

Pang

Sparschu

Wang

2021

Ophthalmic Physiologic Optic

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“…Myopia was defined as ≥-1.00 D in the cycloplegic spherical equivalent. Myopic anisometropia was defined as myopia in both eyes and an interocular difference of ≥3.00 D in the cycloplegic spherical equivalent (7,8). An eye with a BCVA of ≤20/30 or at least 2 Snellen visual acuity lines of difference in the fellow eye was considered amblyopic (7,8).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have reported that amblyopia and anisometropia were associated with developmental abnormalities of the visual system, including the visual cortex, lateral geniculate nucleus, retina, retinal nerve fiber layer, optic nerve, macula, axial length, and the cornea (4)(5)(6)(7)(8). The relationship between the pupil and amblyopia has been examined.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Static and Dynamic Pupil Characteristics in Myopic Anisometropic Amblyopia

Kızıltoprak¹

2020

Beyoglu Eye J

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The purpose of this study was to compare static and dynamic pupillometry measurements in patients with myopic anisometropic amblyopia with those of age-matched, healthy subjects. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional study consisted of 29 patients with myopic anisometropic amblyopia and 83 control subjects. While both the amblyopic eye and the fellow eye of patients with myopic anisometropic amblyopia were examined, data were only recorded for the right eye of the subjects in the control group. Static pupillometry measurements determined included the scotopic pupil diameter (PD), mesopic PD, low photopic PD, and high photopic PD. Subsequently, dynamic pupillometry measurements were obtained, including the resting diameter, amplitude of pupil contraction, latency of pupil contraction, duration of pupil contraction, velocity of pupil contraction, latency of pupil dilation, duration of pupil dilation, and velocity of pupil dilation. Results: In the myopic anisometropia patients, there was a statistically significant difference in the low photopic PD and high photopic PD values of the amblyopic eyes and the corresponding fellow eyes compared with the healthy subjects (p<0.05 for each). These parameters of low photopic PD and high photopic PD were similar between the highly myopic eyes and the fellow eyes. There was no statistically significant difference in the mesopic or scotopic PD values between any of the groups (p>0.05 for each). There were no significant differences in the dynamic pupillometric measurements between the study and control eyes. Conclusion: These results confirm that amblyopia is a binocular disorder. The dynamic pupillary responses were similar in the highly myopic and fellow eyes, indicating that evaluation of relative afferent pupillary defects may not be a useful test to differentiate amblyopic eyes from healthy corresponding eyes.

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“…CS refers to the ability to detect a difference in brightness (or luminance) between adjacent objects or areas in a space. CS may be abnormal in amblyopia, optic neuritis, cataract, and glaucoma, but also decreases in the presence of photophobia [ 4 , 5 ]. Lew et al [ 6 ] reported that photophobia in IXT was associated with a distant exodeviation greater than 25 prism diopters (PD) and stereoacuity worse than 60 arcsec, but no analysis was performed with CS measurement.…”

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confidence: 99%

Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia

Kwon

Lee

2020

Korean J Ophthalmol

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Purpose To determine whether contrast sensitivity (CS) can represent photophobia in intermittent exotropia (IXT) by comparing the CS test with and without glare stimulus, and to analyze the factors of IXT affecting CS. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 107 patients with basic-type IXT. We compared CS under mesopic and photopic conditions, with and without glare. We compared the difference in CS before and after glare (ΔCS) between mesopic and photopic conditions, and compared CS with glare between patients with and without photophobia. The correlations between the clinical features of IXT and CS were analyzed. Results There was no significant reduction in CS at all spatial frequencies by glare stimulus. ΔCS was greater at high spatial frequencies under photopic conditions than under mesopic conditions. The group with subjective photophobia showed lower CS at 10.2 cpd under mesopic conditions with glare. CS showed a negative correlation with stereopsis under both mesopic and photopic conditions, and a positive correlation with fusional ability at low and intermediate spatial frequencies under mesopic conditions. ΔCS was smaller at intermediate spatial frequencies with better fusional ability, greater at high spatial frequencies with photophobia, and greater at intermediate spatial frequencies with a higher frequency of exotropia. Conclusions The CS test could not represent photophobia in IXT. However, CS tended to decrease with glare stimulus, and CS under mesopic conditions with glare was worse when accompanied by photophobia. Moreover, a poorer degree of stereopsis was associated with lower CS, and better fusional ability was associated with higher CS under mesopic conditions. Therefore, the CS test can be considered helpful in evaluating sensory function in IXT.

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Contrast sensitivity of amblyopic eyes in children with myopic anisometropia

Abstract: CSF at the middle and higher frequencies was reduced in the amblyopic eyes associated with myopic anisometropia compared to the fellow eyes of the same amblyopic children as well as to eyes of control subjects with high myopia but no amblyopia.

Cited by 19 publications

References 37 publications

Repeatability of an automated ETDRS contrast threshold measurement

Repeatability of an automated ETDRS contrast threshold measurement

Static and Dynamic Pupil Characteristics in Myopic Anisometropic Amblyopia

Factors Affecting Contrast Sensitivity in Intermittent Exotropia

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