Contrasting Architecture of Two Alluvial Suites in Different Structural Settings

Kraus, Mary J.; Middleton, Larry T.

doi:10.2110/pec.87.39.0253

Cited by 42 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The relative rates of subsidence during the LEF and UEF are interpreted based mainly on the work of Kraus and Middleton (1987), Behrensmeyer (1988) and Marriott (1999). According to these authors, isolated, channel-shaped sandstone bodies such as those of LEF that form discrete ribbons in thick overbank deposits are indicators of higher subsidence rates than the sheet sandstone bodies characteristic of the UEF, which imply slow subsidence.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basin development during the deposition of the Elliot Formation (Late Triassic - Early Jurassic), Karoo Supergroup, South Africa

Bordy¹

2004

South African Journal of Geology

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The integrated results of a facies analysis and provenance study of the Late Triassic to Early Jurassic Elliot Formation (Karoo Supergroup) provide some new insights into the development of the main Karoo foreland system of South Africa. Based on changes in the fluvial style, palaeocurrent pattern, provenance, isopach trends and fossil content, a regional lithostratigraphic subdivision of the Elliot Formation is proposed. In addition, the boundary between the Lower and Upper Elliot formations appears to be a second order sequence boundary. This unconformity was probably generated by the last stage of orogenic loading of the Cape Fold Belt, which interrupted the overall, first order orogenic unloading of the system, suggesting that tectonically controlled flexural subsidence existed in the main Karoo Basin until at least the end of Triassic. The magnitude of this pre-Upper Elliot tectonic event is signified by the presence of outsized quartzite pebbles and boulders, believed to have originated in the Cape Fold Belt. A number of tectonic structures, e.g. pene-contemporaneous normal faults and large-scale convolute bedding, coupled to sandstones with basement uplift/craton interior provenance, and easterly palaeocurrent direction for the Upper Elliot Formation suggest that the first stages of inversion from a compressional to extensional tectonic regime began only in the Early Jurassic.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Basin development during the deposition of the Elliot Formation (Late Triassic - Early Jurassic), Karoo Supergroup, South Africa

Bordy¹

2004

South African Journal of Geology

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“…Major developments along the way have included field tests (Behrensmeyer and Tauxe, 1982;Johnson et al, 1985;Kraus and Middleton, 1987;Maizels, 1990;Leeder et al, 1996), incorporation of avulsion-architecture into sequence stratigraphy (Shanley and McCabe, 1993), refinement of understanding avulsion mechanisms (Smith et al, 1989;Slingerland and Smith, 2004), and proposals of characteristic avulsion-related stratigraphic patterns (Bridge and Mackey, 1993;Mackey and Bridge, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complexity in a cellular model of river avulsion

2007

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“…The characteristics of alluvial fans are determined by a number of inter-__________________________ __________________ Slavomír NEHYBA & Reinhard ROETZEL posits or fluvial fan could be rapid regional subsidence over extended periods of time (Bentham et al, 1993;Bridge and Leeder, 1979;Kraus and Middleton, 1987;Shuster and Steidtmann, 1987). Such conditions and a relatively arid, seasonal climate are critical for promoting the generation of sheet flowdominated fluvial systems with brief pulses of rapid sedimentation, primarily on unconfined (non-channelized) plains, as well as locally in broad, poorly confined channels (Bromley, 1991), where sediment tends to aggrade rather than be distributed by lateral or downslope migration (Hampton and Horton, 2007).…”

Section: Depositional Model and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Depositional environment and provenance analyses of the Zöbing Formation (Upper Carboniferous-Lower Permian), Austria

Nehyba¹,

Roetzel²

2015

AJES

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The deposits of the Upper Carboniferous to Lower Permian Zöbing Formation in Lower Austria have been studied by a wide range of sedimentological methods in several limited outcrops. Four facies associations were identified: (a) non-channelized finegrained deposits; (b) channelized sandstones, (c) non-channelized conglomerates, and (d) channelized conglomerates. Non-channelized fine-grained sediments are interpreted as deposits in shallow, semi-permanent pools on floodplains. Channelized sandstones are associated with fluvial processes and mostly represent crevasse channels cut into the floodplains. Channelized conglomerates originated from coarse-grained confined and hyperconcentrated flows. Non-channelized conglomerates are interpreted as sediments of alluvial fan and alluvial plain systems. A terminal fluvial system developed under a semi-arid to arid climatic regime is supposed to be the depositional environment of the Zöbing Formation.The detritus was mostly derived from primary sources formed by crystalline rocks. The proportion of metamorphites (particularly metapelitic rocks, such as mica schists, paragneisses, felsitic granulites) was predominant along with acidic magmatic and volcanic rocks. The source area predominantly can be located in the Moldanubian unit. Rapid physical erosion, redeposition and subordinately also chemical weathering are all supposed in the source area. The general provenance evolution of the entire Zöbing Formation shows local/adjacent sources in the basal parts whereas a wider provenance and variations in the primary and recycled detritus are assumed for the younger parts of the succession.________________________________________________________

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Contrasting Architecture of Two Alluvial Suites in Different Structural Settings

Cited by 42 publications

References 17 publications

Basin development during the deposition of the Elliot Formation (Late Triassic - Early Jurassic), Karoo Supergroup, South Africa

Basin development during the deposition of the Elliot Formation (Late Triassic - Early Jurassic), Karoo Supergroup, South Africa

Complexity in a cellular model of river avulsion

Depositional environment and provenance analyses of the Zöbing Formation (Upper Carboniferous-Lower Permian), Austria

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