Contrasting effects of maize residue, coal gas residue and their biochars on nutrient mineralization, enzyme activities and CO2 emissions in sandy loess soil

Shar, Abdul Ghaffar; Peng, Jiao Ya; Tian, Xiaohong; Siyal, Tanveer Ahmed; Shar, Akhtar Hussain; Jiang, Yuhan; Datta, Rahul; Hessini, Kamel

doi:10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.074

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…However, there were also some studies that reported little effect of biochar on soil nutrients [32] or negative effects, such as Sun et al [27] who showed that compared with B0 (no biochar), the SOC content presented a 14.0% decrease with B30 (30 Mg ha −1 biochar). The inconsistency could be attributed to biochar feedstocks and characteristics [33], the application ratio of biochar [34], plant types [35] and soil properties [36].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Plant Root Growth to Biochar Amendment: A Meta-Analysis

Zou

Fan

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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Biochar is widely used in agriculture to improve soil fertility and plant growth. However, a comprehensive assessment of how biochar amendment affects plant root growth is lacking. This study investigated the change in plant root biomass in response to biochar application, including impact factors such as the biochar feedstock and application rate, plant type, and soil pH. The Science Direct, Web Of Science, and Scopus databases were employed to search for literature published before 2021. The published papers with at least three replicates of biochar-amended treatments and a control at the same site were selected for meta-analysis. Our results showed that 165 (81.3%) of 203 datasets from 47 published studies indicated positive effects of biochar amendment on root growth with a mean relative increase of 32%. The feedstocks of biochar and its rate of application were the main factors that determined its effects on plant root growth. The increment of root biomass following biochar amendment was the greatest for trees (+101.6%), followed by grasses (+66.0%), vegetables (+26.9%), and cereals (+12.7%). The positive effects mainly depended on feedstock sources, with the highest positive effect (+46.2%) for gramineous, followed by woody plants (+25.8%) and green wastes (+21.1%). Linear regression analysis and SEM (Structural equation modeling) analysis showed that total nitrogen (TN) and available phosphorus (AK) are one of the most important factors affecting the increase of root biomass. These results suggest that biochar can be considered an effective amendment to improve root growth and soil fertility. Biochar feedstock sources, application rates, and plant types should be considered to assess the potential benefits of biochar for root growth and soil quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Plant Root Growth to Biochar Amendment: A Meta-Analysis

Zou

Fan

et al. 2021

Agronomy

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“…Therefore, allowing the biochar from different particle sizes having different applications depending on their characteristics. The larger particle sizes could be used in iron sintering [104] and to make H 2 through steam activation [69,83,91] Lower particle sized char, with its more irregular shape [100], which along with an increased microporosity has higher absorbent properties and would be more useful in environmental applications such as water storage in soils and water purification [105][106][107]. Biochar produced through pyrolysis of ASR and other heterogenous materials may have similar positive effects on soil properties and water purification as traditional homogenous feedstocks, however this still has to be proved as research into this area is limited.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Biochar Feedstock: Automotive Shredder Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Biochar produced through pyrolysis of ASR and other heterogenous materials may have similar positive effects on soil properties and water purification as traditional homogenous feedstocks, however this still has to be proved as research into this area is limited. Recent laboratory studies indicated that coal residue biochar can increase SOC (Soil Organic Carbon) and TN (Total Nitrogen) concentration, when compared with maize biomass biochar, fresh residues and control soil [107], which could enhance crop growth. A supposition could be put forward that this would be true for heterogeneous feedstocks.…”

Section: Heterogeneous Biochar Feedstock: Automotive Shredder Residuementioning

confidence: 99%

PAHs, PCBs and Environmental Contamination in Char Products

Williams¹,

Khodier²,

Bentley³

2023

Biochar - Productive Technologies, Properties and Applications

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Biochar can have unique benefits to terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Investigations of biochar effectiveness within these environments often come from homogenous feedstocks, such as plant biomass, which have simple thermochemical processing methods and produce physically and chemically stable biochar. Current methods to increase biochar production include the addition of oil-derived products such as plastics, which produces a more heterogenous feedstock. This feedstock is similar to materials from waste recycling streams. The adoption of more heterogenous feedstocks produces additional challenges to biochar production and use. This can result in pollution contained within the feedstock being transferred to the biochar or the creation of pollutants during the processing. With the current climate emergency, it is essential to eliminate environmental contamination arising from biochar production. It is critical to understand the physiochemical composition of biochar, where detailed analysis of contaminants is often overlooked. Contamination is common from heterogenous feedstocks but on commercial scales, even homogeneous biochar will contain organic pollutants. This chapter investigates biochar produced from various waste feedstocks and the challenges faced in thermochemical processing. Using Automotive Shredder Residue (ASR) as an example of a heterogeneous feedstock, the levels of contamination are explored. Potential solutions are reviewed while assessing the environmental and economic benefits of using biochar from mixed sources.

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Effect of Wheat Straw Addition on Organic Carbon Mineralisation and Bacterial Community in Orchard Soil

Lang

Zhou

Hao

et al. 2023

J Soil Sci Plant Nutr

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Crop straw returning can stimulate organic carbon mineralisation and C sequestration simultaneously, which affects soil fertility. However, the effects of crop straw on organic carbon mineralisation and soil bacterial community in orchards are not fully understood. A 90-day incubation experiment was performed to investigate the effects of wheat straw (0, 1, 4, 6, 8, and 10 t·ha−1) on organic carbon mineralisation and bacterial community in orchard soil. Wheat straw addition enhanced the CO2 efflux rate and cumulative organic carbon mineralisation (Cmin), especially high level. The trend of CO2 efflux rate was increased sharply, especially during the early incubation stage (the first 13 days), and then decreased in the later phase. Furthermore, soil bacterial community structure displayed distinct changes in response to straw addition. Available nitrogen, potassium, organic carbon, β-glucosidase, and pH were the key factors driving soil bacterial community changes. The bacterial taxa in networks were significantly related to Cmin. The Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Chloroflexi were positively related to Cmin; while Planctomycetes, Patescibacteria, and Gemmatimonadetes showed a negative relationship with Cmin by correlation and redundancy analyses. Co-occurrence network analysis showed a discrete bacterial network in 10 t·ha−1 of straw, while cohesive networks in others. Straw addition promoted organic carbon mineralisation by improving the soil biochemical properties, including enzymes activities, and nutrient contents, and regulating bacterial community composition. On the whole, 4 t·ha−1 of straw could be considered an economical level for improving soil organic carbon and bacterial community stability in orchards.

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Contrasting effects of maize residue, coal gas residue and their biochars on nutrient mineralization, enzyme activities and CO2 emissions in sandy loess soil

Cited by 9 publications

References 60 publications

Response of Plant Root Growth to Biochar Amendment: A Meta-Analysis

Response of Plant Root Growth to Biochar Amendment: A Meta-Analysis

PAHs, PCBs and Environmental Contamination in Char Products

Effect of Wheat Straw Addition on Organic Carbon Mineralisation and Bacterial Community in Orchard Soil

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