Contrasting Group I and Group II Eclogite Xenolith Petrogenesis: Petrological, Trace Element and Isotopic Evidence from Eclogite, Garnet-Websterite and Alkremite Xenoliths in the Kaalvallei Kimberlite, South Africa

Viljoen, K.S.; Schulze, Daniel J.; Quadling, Amanda

doi:10.1093/petrology/egi047

Cited by 57 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 92 publications

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“…Along the eastern Euro-Asian plate, especially in eastern China, which is known as the large-scale thinning of lithosphere beneath the eastern North China Craton from [200 km to present 60-80 km (Griffin et al 1992;Menzies et al 1993;Xu et al 1996Xu et al , 2003Fan et al 2000;Zheng et al 2004;Zhang 2005;Ying et al 2006;Chen et al 2006;Zhang et al 2006Zhang et al , 2007aZhang et al , b, 2008, many garnet peridotite xenoliths occurred from north Siberia (Russia) to the south Cathaysia block (China) (Fig. 1), but the amounts of garnet peridotites are less abundant than those in Tanzania (Tanzania), Kaapvaal (South Africa) and Slave (Canada) cratons where a thick ([150 km) lithosphere is still preserved at present (Henjes Kunst and Altherr 1992;Simon et al 2003;Kopylova and Caro 2004;Menzies et al 2004;Liati et al 2004;Boyd et al 2004;Viljoen et al 2005). The occurrence of all almost garnet peridotite xenoliths is related to subduction zones (e.g., eastern China) (e.g., Zheng et al 2006) or mantle plumes (e.g., Tanzania craton) (e.g., Henjes Kunst and Altherr 1992;Chesley et al 1999).…”

Section: Garnet Peridotite Xenoliths In Volcanic Rocksmentioning

confidence: 97%

Geochemical syntheses among the cratonic, off-cratonic and orogenic garnet peridotites and their tectonic implications

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2010

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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Garnet-bearing mantle peridotites, occurring as either xenoliths in volcanic rocks or lenses/massifs in high-pressure and ultrahigh-pressure terrenes within orogens, preserve a record of deep lithospheric mantle processes. The garnet peridotite xenoliths record chemical equilibrium conditions of garnet-bearing mineral assemblage at temperatures (T) ranging from *700 to 1,400°C and pressures (P) [ 1. 6-8.9 GPa, corresponding to depths of *52-270 km. A characteristic mineral paragenesis includes Cr-bearing pyropic garnet (64-86 mol% pyrope; 0-10 wt% Cr 2 O 3 ), Cr-rich diopside (0.5-3.5 wt% Cr 2 O 3 ), Al-poor orthopyroxene (0-5 wt% Al 2 O 3 ), high-Cr spinel (Cr/(Cr ? Al) 9 100 atomic ratio = 2-86) and olivine (88-94 mol% forsterite). In some cases, partial melting, re-equilibration involving garnet-breakdown, deformation, and mantle metasomatism by kimberlitic and/or carbonatitic melt percolations are documented. Isotope model ages of Archean and Proterozoic are ubiquitous, but Phanerozoic model ages are less common. In contrast, the orogenic peridotites were subjected to ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphism at temperature ranging from *700 to 950°C and pressure [3.5-5.0 GPa, corresponding to depths of [110-150 km. The petrologic comparisons between 231 garnet peridotite xenoliths and 198 orogenic garnet peridotites revealed that (1) bulk-rock REE (rare earth element) concentrations in xenoliths are relatively high, (2) clinopyroxene and garnet in orogenic garnet peridotites show a highly fractionated REE pattern and Ce-negative anomaly, respectively, (3) Fo contents of olivines for off-cratonic xenolith are in turn lower than those of orogenic garnet and cratonic xenolith but mgnumber of garnet for orogenic is less than that of offcratonic and on-cratonic xenolith, (4) Al 2 O 3 , Cr 2 O 3 , CaO and Cr# of pyroxenes and chemical compositions of whole rocks are very different between these garnet peridotites, (5) orogenic garnet peridotites are characterized by low T and high P, off-cratonic by high T and low P, and cratonic by medium T and high P and (6) garnet peridotite xenoliths are of Archean or Proterozoic origin, whereas most of orogenic garnet peridotites are of Phanerozoic origin. Taking account of tectonic settings, a new orogenic garnet peridotite exhumation model, crustmantle material mixing process, is proposed. The composition of lithospheric mantle is additionally constrained by comparisons and compiling of the off-cratonic, oncratonic and orogenic garnet peridotite.

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Section: Garnet Peridotite Xenoliths In Volcanic Rocksmentioning

confidence: 97%

Geochemical syntheses among the cratonic, off-cratonic and orogenic garnet peridotites and their tectonic implications

Zhang

Tang

et al. 2010

Int J Earth Sci (Geol Rundsch)

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“…6). As such, it is most similar to garnets from corundum-bearing eclogites (e.g., Shee and Gurney, 1979;Viljoen et al, 2005).…”

Section: Comparison Of Kelsey Lake and Sloan-george Creek Diamond Incmentioning

confidence: 98%

Mineral inclusions in diamonds from the Kelsey Lake Mine, Colorado, USA: Depleted Archean mantle beneath the Proterozoic Yavapai province

Schulze

Coopersmith²,

Harte

et al. 2008

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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“…These rocks occur as xenoliths in kimberlites and basalts and represent samples of old, Archean mantle (e.g. Kopylova et al, 1999;Lehtonen et al, 2004;Menzies et al, 2004;Viljoen et al, 2005;Aulbach et al, 2007;Beard et al, 2007) and younger Phanerozoic mantle (e.g. Chen et al, 1992; 0016-7037/$ -see front matter Ó 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contrasting types of metasomatism in dunite, wehrlite and websterite xenoliths from Kimberley, South Africa

Rehfeldt

Foley

Jacob

et al. 2008

Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta

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Contrasting Group I and Group II Eclogite Xenolith Petrogenesis: Petrological, Trace Element and Isotopic Evidence from Eclogite, Garnet-Websterite and Alkremite Xenoliths in the Kaalvallei Kimberlite, South Africa

Cited by 57 publications

References 92 publications

Geochemical syntheses among the cratonic, off-cratonic and orogenic garnet peridotites and their tectonic implications

Geochemical syntheses among the cratonic, off-cratonic and orogenic garnet peridotites and their tectonic implications

Mineral inclusions in diamonds from the Kelsey Lake Mine, Colorado, USA: Depleted Archean mantle beneath the Proterozoic Yavapai province

Contrasting types of metasomatism in dunite, wehrlite and websterite xenoliths from Kimberley, South Africa

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