Contribuições do geoprocessamento à compreensão do mundo rural e do desmatamento no bioma Amazônia

O artigo analisou as mudanças no uso do solo na Região de Caxias, Leste do Maranhão, Nordeste do Brasil, entre os anos de 1985 e 2018. Essa delimitação encontra-se no MATOPIBA (Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí e Bahia), parte do Cerrado. Para tanto, utilizou o mosaico de imagens do Mapbioma para detectar a localização das florestas e campos agrícolas e dos dados agropecuários fornecidos pelo IBGE. Além disso, empregou-se as informações obtidas por meio de entrevistas e questionários aplicados aos produtores de soja da região e stakeholders dessa cadeia como forma de obter informações empíricas adicionais. Enumerou-se as seguintes categorias para analisar as motivações que acarretaram as mudanças do uso do solo na região: (1) melhorias na infraestrutura, (2) disponibilidade de solos para a agricultura, (3) entrada de companhias globais do agronegócio no Brasil, e (4) quantidade significativa de pequenos produtores rurais. Apesar do aumento da sojicultura no Leste do Maranhão, impulsionada pelos investimentos em infraestrutura e TI, a pastagem, usado para a alimentação do gado, foi o principal responsável pelas mudanças no uso do solo na região. Dentre as principais dificuldade enfrentadas pelos sojicultores, a demora em obter licenças ambientais e a de adquirir tecnologia para a produção agrícola em larga escala são os principais obstáculos. Dessa forma, o grande desafio do Leste do Maranhão é garantir a proteção dos seus recursos naturais sem comprometer a agricultura familiar, a pecuária bovina e a produção de soja.AbstractThis paper analyzed the reasons for land use changes in Caxias, East Maranhão, in the Northeast region of Brazil, between 1985 and 2018. The analyzed region is located in MATOPIBA, which includes the states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí and Bahia, part of the Cerrado and also known as the last agricultural frontier. Remote sensing using MapBioma to detect the location of forest lands and farming fields was applied combined with IBGE database about the agricultural production. Additionally, the application of questionnaires and interviews with regional soybean farmers and stakeholders was used to obtain additional empirical information. The following four categories probably responsible for those land use changes were analyzed: (1) infrastructure/investments in facilities, (2) environment/availability of natural cover for agriculture, (3) economy/entrance of global agribusiness companies; and (4) demography/number of smallholder´s properties. Even though soy production has increased significantly in Maranhão, due to large investments in infrastructure and IT, the main responsible for deforestation and changes in land cover in the Caxias region has been pasture and cattle breeding. Tight environmental procedures and strong difficulties to acquire large areas of suitable land for high-tech commodity production have been the main obstacles for more significant advances of soybean production in Caxias. Thus, protection of forests, multitask agricultural activities, sustainable cattle breeding and soy production as part of a global supply chain should be harmonized in order to guarantee well-balanced co-existing and development.

show abstract

“…Unfortunately, we are seeing the prevalence of a simplify rural development speech in Brazil(MIRANDA et al, 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Farming and land use changes in Cerrado biome: the case of East Maranhão – Brazil (1985/2018)

Oliveira¹,

Dorner²,

Rodrigues³

2020

coloquio

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The Amazon biome covers 49.3% of the Brazilian territory and has an extension of 4,199,249 km 2 [4]. The Amazon has the largest tropical forest in the world, equivalent to one-third of the rainforest reserves, and is home to the greatest number of species of flora and fauna [4,5]. The Cerrado Biome is composed of both savanna and rural and forest formations [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Licaria, Nectrandra and Ocotea Species (Lauraceae) with Occurrence in Brazilian Biomes

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Lauraceae species are known as excellent essential oil (EO) producers, and their taxa are distributed throughout the territory of Brazil. This study presents a systematic review of chemical composition, seasonal studies, occurrence of chemical profiles, and biological activities to EOs of species of Licaria, Nectandra, and Ocotea genera collected in different Brazilian biomes. Based on our survey, 39 species were studied, with a total of 86 oils extracted from seeds, leaves, stem barks, and twigs. The most representative geographic area in specimens was the Atlantic Forest (14 spp., 30 samples) followed by the Amazon (13 spp., 30 samples), Cerrado (6 spp., 14 samples), Pampa (4 spp., 10 samples), and Caatinga (2 spp., 2 samples) forests. The majority of compound classes identified in the oils were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated sesquiterpenoids. Among them, β-caryophyllene, germacrene D, bicyclogermacrene, caryophyllene oxide, α-bisabolol, and bicyclogermacrenal were the main constituents. Additionally, large amounts of phenylpropanoids and monoterpenes such as safrole, 6-methoxyelemicin, apiole, limonene, α-pinene, β-pinene, 1,8-cineole, and camphor were reported. Nectandra megatopomica showed considerable variation with the occurrence of fourteen chemical profiles according to seasonality and collection site. Several biological activities have been attributed to these oils, especially cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidant and antifungal potential, among other pharmacological applications.

show abstract

“…As atividades produtivas da Amazônia são complexas e combinam, muitas vezes, no mesmo local: atividades sem base na terra e ligadas a territórios (apicultura, pesca e caça); diversos tipos de extrativismos vegetais (palmitos, açaí, castanhas, madeiras, fibras e óleos); grupos humanos, etnias e comunidades com histórias e origens muito diferentes; unidades e áreas de produção, cuja condição legal é mista e variada (ribeirinhos, proprietários, assentados, ocupantes, extrativistas) (MIRANDA et al, 2020). As atividades tradicionais de produção na Amazônia são organizadas sob a forma de trabalho familiar e/ou comunitário e com níveis variados de conexão com os mercados regional e nacional (COSTA, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Cadeias De Produção Sustentáveis No Extrativismo De Castanha Do Brasil Na Amazônia Brasileira

Silva

Pontes

Albuquerque

2020

BJD

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Contribuições do geoprocessamento à compreensão do mundo rural e do desmatamento no bioma Amazônia

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Farming and land use changes in Cerrado biome: the case of East Maranhão – Brazil (1985/2018)

Farming and land use changes in Cerrado biome: the case of East Maranhão – Brazil (1985/2018)

Chemical Diversity and Biological Activities of Essential Oils from Licaria, Nectrandra and Ocotea Species (Lauraceae) with Occurrence in Brazilian Biomes

Cadeias De Produção Sustentáveis No Extrativismo De Castanha Do Brasil Na Amazônia Brasileira

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About