Contribution of Alaskan glaciers to sea-level rise derived from satellite imagery

Berthier, Étienne; Schiefer, Erik; Clarke, Garry K. C.; Menounos, Brian; Rémy, Frédérique

doi:10.1038/ngeo737

Cited by 326 publications

(398 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The BGS is the largest surging glacier outside of the ice sheets (Molnia, 2008), covering 4373 km 2 and accounting for 4 % of the ice area in Alaska Berthier et al, 2010) and 6 % of the mass loss (Arendt et al, 2002). It extends from ∼ 100 m to 3000 m elevation with an equilibrium line at approximately 1000 m (Molnia, 2008).…”

Section: The Bering Glacier System (Bgs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surge dynamics on Bering Glacier, Alaska, in 2008–2011

et al. 2012

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Abstract.A surge cycle of the Bering Glacier system, Alaska, is examined using observations of surface velocity obtained using synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offset tracking, and elevation data obtained from the University of Alaska Fairbanks LiDAR altimetry program. After 13 yr of quiescence, the Bering Glacier system began to surge in The quiescent phase was characterized by small-scale acceleration events that increased driving stresses up to 70 %. When the surge initiated, synchronous acceleration occurred throughout much of the glacier length. Results suggest that downstream propagation of the surge is closely linked to the evolution of the driving stress during the surge, because driving stress appears to be tied to the amount of resistive stress provided by the bed. In contrast, upstream acceleration and upstream surge propagation is not dependent on driving stress evolution.

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Section: The Bering Glacier System (Bgs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Surge dynamics on Bering Glacier, Alaska, in 2008–2011

et al. 2012

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“…In western North America, notable area and volume loss of glaciers (Larsen et al, 2007;Schiefer et al, 2007;Berthier et al, 2010;Bolch et al, 2010) and decreased late-summer flows in glacier-fed rivers (Stahl and Moore, 2006;Moore et al, 2009) have already been observed. On annual timescales, surface runoff in glacierized basins is affected by glacier mass change (Moore and Demuth, 2001) which supplements streamflow in years with thin snowpack or dry summers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An approach to derive regional snow lines and glacier mass change from MODIS imagery, western North America

et al. 2013

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Abstract. We describe a method to calculate regional snow line elevations and annual equilibrium line altitudes (ELAs) from daily MODIS imagery (MOD02QKM) on large glaciers and icefields in western North America. An automated cluster analysis of the cloud-masked visible and near-infrared bands at 250 m resolution is used to delineate glacier facies (snow and ice) for ten glacierized regions between 2000-2011. For each region and season, the maximum observed value of the 20th percentile of snowcovered pixels (Z S(20) ) is used to define a regional ELA proxy (ELA est ). Our results indicate significant increases in the regional ELA proxy at two continental sites (Peyto Glacier and Gulkana Glacier) over the period of observation, though no statistically significant trends are identified at other sites. To evaluate the utility of regional ELA proxies derived from MOD02QKM imagery, we compare standard geodetic estimates of glacier mass change with estimates derived from historical mass balance gradients and observations of Z S(20) at three large icefields. Our approach yields estimates of mass change that more negative than traditional geodetic approaches, though MODIS-derived estimates are within the margins of error at all three sites. Both estimates of glacier mass change corroborate the continued mass loss of glaciers in western North America. Between 2000 and 2009, the geodetic change approach yields mean annual rates of surface elevation change for the Columbia, Lillooet, and Sittakanay icefields of −0.29 ± 0.05, −0.26 ± 0.05, and −0.63 ± 0.17 m a −1 , respectively. This study provides a new technique for glacier facies detection at daily timescales, and contributes to the development of regional estimates of glacier mass change, both of which are critical for studies of glacier contributions to streamflow and global sea level rise.

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“…The majority of Alaskan mountain glaciers have retreated and thinned from their maximum LIA positions. Estimates of late 20 th century contributions to sea--level rise from the melting of Alaskan glaciers range from 0.04 ± 0.01 mm yr --1 to 0.14 ± 0.04 mm yr --1 (Arendt et al, 2002;Berthier et al, 2010;Larsen et al, 2007).…”

Section: Glacial Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Constraints on regional drivers of relative sea-level change around Cordova, Alaska

Garrett

Barlow

Cool

et al. 2015

Quaternary Science Reviews

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(2015) 'Constraints on regional drivers of relative sea-level change around Cordova, Alaska.', Quaternary science reviews., 113 . pp. 48-59. Further information on publisher's website:http://dx.doi.org/10. 1016/j.quascirev.2014.12.002 Publisher's copyright statement: NOTICE: this is the author's version of a work that was accepted for publication in Quaternary Science Reviews. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be re ected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A de nitive version was subsequently published in Quaternary Science Reviews, 113, 1 April 2015, 10.1016/j.quascirev.2014 Additional information: Use policyThe full-text may be used and/or reproduced, and given to third parties in any format or medium, without prior permission or charge, for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-pro t purposes provided that:• a full bibliographic reference is made to the original source • a link is made to the metadata record in DRO • the full-text is not changed in any way The full-text must not be sold in any format or medium without the formal permission of the copyright holders.Please consult the full DRO policy for further details.

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Contribution of Alaskan glaciers to sea-level rise derived from satellite imagery

Cited by 326 publications

References 26 publications

Surge dynamics on Bering Glacier, Alaska, in 2008–2011

Surge dynamics on Bering Glacier, Alaska, in 2008–2011

An approach to derive regional snow lines and glacier mass change from MODIS imagery, western North America

Constraints on regional drivers of relative sea-level change around Cordova, Alaska

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