Contribution of Autologous Omentum Transposition to the Regeneration of Renal Injuries in the Rat Model

Abstract

Aim: After renal trauma, surgical treatment is vital, but sometimes there may be loss of function due to fibrosis. We aimed to evaluate the repair effect of transpositioned autologous omentum on injured renal tissue in a rat model. Methods: A total of 30 female Wistar Albino rats were included and they were randomly separated into a sham group and four study groups. Iatrogenic renal injuries were repaired using a surgical technique (primary repair 1 and 2 groups) or transpositioned autologous omentum (omentum repair 1 and 2 groups). In all groups, blood samples were taken preoperatively and on the 7 th postoperative day in all groups and also on the 18 th postoperative day in the control and two study groups. All rats were sacrificed on the 7 th or 18 th day postoperatively and their right kidneys were taken for histopathological evaluation.Results: There was a trend toward decrease in urea and creatinine levels in all the groups. There was no significant correlation between urea and creatinine levels and histological finding scores. The omentum repair group had significantly lower inflammation and granulation scores compared with the primary repair and sham groups. There was a significant and positive correlation between inflammation and granulation and fibrosis scores. There was a significant and negative correlation between healing completion score and either inflammation and granulation scores. There were also positive correlations between histological findings in the kidney specimen and surrounding tissues. Conclusion: The use of the autologous omentum tissue for repair of kidney injury had attenuation effects on inflammation and granulation compared with primary repair. These results imply that use of omentum tissue to facilitate healing of kidney injury may theoretically lead to a more effective healing process and reduced fibrosis and tissue and function loss. These potentially beneficial effects of autologous omentum tissue should be investigated in further well-designed experimental and clinical studies.