Contribution of Burning of Agricultural Wastes to Photochemical Air Pollution

Darley, Ellis F.; Burleson, Frank R.; Mateer, E. H.; Middleton, John T.; Osterli, Victor P.

doi:10.1080/00022470.1966.10468533

Cited by 65 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Our emission ratios measured in high-altitude plumes would tend to favor the emissions from the largest and hottest fires, which are carried to higher altitudes by plume buoyancy. Our mean ACO/ACO2 ratio (0.085 _ 0.004) is in good agreement with the averages of the literature data other than those from the NCAR study: 0.07 and 0.06 for grass and forest fires, respectively [Darley et al, 1966[Darley et al, , 1972…”

Section: Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxidesupporting

confidence: 90%

Biomass‐burning emissions and associated haze layers over Amazonia

Andreae¹,

Browell²,

Garstang³

et al. 1988

J. Geophys. Res.

514

275

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Biomass‐burning plumes and haze layers were observed during the ABLE 2A flights in July/August 1985 over the central Amazon Basin. The haze layers occurred at altitudes between 1000 and 4000 m and were usually only some 100 to 300‐m thick but extended horizontally over several 100 km. They could be traced by satellite imaging and trajectory studies to biomass burning at the southern perimeter of the Amazon Basin, with transport times estimated to be 1–2 days. These layers strongly influenced the chemical and optical characteristics of the atmosphere over the eastern Amazon Basin. The concentrations of CO, CO2, O3, and NO were significantly elevated in the plumes and haze layers relative to the regional background. The NO/CO ratio in fresh plumes was much higher than in the aged haze layers, suggesting that more than 80% of the NOx in the haze layers had been converted to nitrate and organic nitrogen species subsequent to emission. The haze aerosol was composed predominantly of organic material, NH4+, K+, NO3−, SO4=, and anionic organic species (formate, acetate, and oxalate). While the concentrations of most aerosol ions were substantially higher in the haze layers than in the regional background aerosol, the ratios between the aerosol ions in the haze layer aerosols were very similar to those in the boundary layer aerosol over the central Amazon region. Simultaneous measurements of trace gas and aerosol species in the haze layers made it possible to derive emission ratios for CO, NOx, NH3, sulfur oxides, and aerosol constituents relative to CO2. Regional and global emission estimates based on these ratios indicate that biomass burning is an important contributor in the global and regional cycles of carbon, sulfur, and nitrogen species. Similar considerations suggest that photochemical ozone production in the biomass‐burning plumes contributes significantly to the regional ozone budget.

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Section: Carbon Dioxide and Carbon Monoxidesupporting

confidence: 90%

Biomass‐burning emissions and associated haze layers over Amazonia

Andreae¹,

Browell²,

Garstang³

et al. 1988

J. Geophys. Res.

514

275

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These values are only a little higher than those reported for rice and barley straw. 5 Annual rye was lower than other grasses in both the dry and drygreen series. Hydrocarbons, expressed as total carbon, varied from 4 to 19 lb per ton, and here again annual rye tended to yield the lower amounts in both series.…”

Section: University Of California Burning Tower Studiesmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…Two lots of six species of grasses were harvested and sent to the University of California at Riverside where they were burned in a tower following procedures which have been described recently. 5 The gas samples included total hydrocarbon, CO 2 , CO, and nitrogen oxides expressed as NO 2 . Twenty-four individual hydrocarbons were analyzed from grab samples taken at specified intervals during each fire.…”

Section: University Of California Burning Tower Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emissions from Burning Grass Stubble and Straw

Boubel

Darley

Schuck

1969

Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association

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“…19 Darley et al 20 estimated that burning of agricultural wastes in California gave rise to 136 metric tons of ethylene in 1966. Ethylene from such fires probably does not cause widespread damage, though plants in the immediate vicinity of the smoke can respond to the gas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%