Contribution of different vegetable types to exogenous nitrate and nitrite exposure

Correia, Manuela; Barroso, A. M.; Barroso, M. Fátima; Soares, Débora Racy; Oliveira, M. Beatriz P.P.; Delerue–Matos, Cristina

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2009.11.030

Cited by 74 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…These conclusions agree with those by Heitor (2000), Pedrosa et al (2002), Gonc¸alves et al (2006), Silva et al (2006), Afonso et al (2007), Correia et al (2010) and Afonso (2011).…”

Section: Hydrogeochemistrysupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of groundwater contamination in an agricultural peri-urban area (NW Portugal): an integrated approach

et al. 2014

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The excessive use of pesticides and fertilisers in agriculture has generated a decrease in groundwater and surface water quality in many regions of the EU, consti-tuting a hazard for human health and the environment. Besides, on-site sewage disposal is an important source of groundwater contamination in urban and peri-urban areas. The assessment of groundwater vulnerability to contami-nation is an important tool to fulfil the demands of EU Directives. The purpose of this study is to assess the groundwater vulnerability to contamination related mainly to agricultural activities in a peri-urban area (Vila do Conde, NW Portugal). The hydrogeological framework is characterised mainly by fissured granitic basement and sedimentary cover. Water samples were collected and analysed for temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, chloride, phosphate, nitrate and nitrite. An evaluation of groundwater vulnerability to contamination was applied (GOD-S, Pesticide DRASTIC-Fm, SINTACS and SI) and the potential nitrate contamination risk was assessed, both on a hydrogeological GIS-based mapping. A principal component analysis was performed to characterised pat-terns of relationship among groundwater contamination, vulnerability, and the hydrogeological setting assessed. Levels of nitrate above legislation limits were detected in 75 % of the samples analysed. Alluvia units showed the highest nitrate concentrations and also the highest vulner-ability and risk. Nitrate contamination is a serious problem affecting groundwater, particularly shallow aquifers, especially due to agriculture activities, livestock and cesspools. GIS-based cartography provided an accurate way to improve knowledge on water circulation models and global functioning of local aquifer systems. Finally, this study highlights the adequacy of an integrated approach, combining hydrogeochemical data, vulnerability assessments and multivariate analysis, to understand groundwater processes in peri-urban areas.

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“…These conclusions agree with those by Heitor (2000), Pedrosa et al (2002), Gonc¸alves et al (2006), Silva et al (2006), Afonso et al (2007), Correia et al (2010) and Afonso (2011).…”

Section: Hydrogeochemistrysupporting

confidence: 91%

Assessment of groundwater contamination in an agricultural peri-urban area (NW Portugal): an integrated approach

et al. 2014

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“…The presence of nitrates in vegetables, water and other food is a serious threat for human health, especially the part converted to the more toxic nitrites (Santamaria 2006), which account for approximately 5.0% of all ingested nitrates (Spiegelhalder et al 1976, Pannala et al 2003 but can reach to 20% for individuals with a high rate of conversion (Thomson et al 2007, Correia et al 2010). In our experiment, we found that nitrate content in the control plants, with a value of 6,446 ppm, exceeded the permissible limit of nitrate in leafy vegetables (Commission Regulation 1258/ 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Biostimulant and Fertilizer on “Low Input” Lettuce Production

Dudaš

Šola

Sladonja

et al. 2016

Acta Botanica Croatica

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-Lettuce production in the winter on the Adriatic coast, especially in a non-heated plastic tunnel, requires longer cultivation and is characterised by lower head mass and yield. In these conditions, the effect of biostimulant Bio-algeen S-90 and fertilizer Megagreen on the production of the traditional winter lettuce cultivar 'Four Seasons' was tested. Both treatments showed a positive effect on the growth and total yield of winter lettuce, and decreased the share of non-marketable yield. Bio-algeen S-90 treatment increased the plant height by 61.5%, and foliar treatment with Megagreen by 60.9%, as compared to the control treatment. Equally, both treatments resulted in higher leaf numbers (47.7% for Bio-algeen S-90 and 37.2% for Megagreen). The head mass of lettuce treated with Bio-algeen S-90 and Megagreen was 30.3% and 25.0% higher than in the control treatment, respectively. Megagreen contributed more to chlorophyll and carotenoid content, while Bio-algeen S-90 elevated the amount of vitamin C and dry matter. The pH value of lettuce juice decreased after Bio-algeen S-90, while the mineral content (N, P and K) did not differ between the tested treatments. Lower nitrate content was detected after both treatments. The obtained results elucidate the effect of Bio-algeen S-90 and Megagreen on "low input" lettuce production.

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“…However, little information on the reduction of nitrite levels in vegetables with sterilization was reported. Nitrate contents in vegetables may differ significantly, from 1,703 to 2,637 mg/kg; a study conducted in Italy found that organically grown vegetables contained significantly higher contents of nitrate than did conventionally cultivated products (12,21). As shown in Figure 2, among the three treatments, the nitrate levels in sample spinach showed a similar slight decrease, from approximately 4.0 to 1.2 g/kg.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Effect of Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Treatment on the Reduction of Nitrite Levels in Fresh Spinach during Storage

Hao¹,

Li²,

Wan³

et al. 2015

Journal of Food Protection

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Leafy vegetables are the major source of nitrite intake in the human diet, and technological processing to control nitrite levels in harvested vegetables is necessary. In the current work, the effect of electrolyzed oxidizing water (EOW) on the nitrite and nitrate levels in fresh spinach during storage was studied. EOW treatment, including slightly acidic electrolyzed water and acidic electrolyzed water, was found to effectively reduce nitrite levels in fresh spinach during storage; levels in the late period were 30 to 40% lower than that of the control. However, the nitrate levels in fresh spinach during storage were not influenced by EOW treatment. The reduction of nitrite levels in EOW-treated fresh spinach during storage can be attributed to the inactivation of nitrate reductase directly and to the reduction of bacterial populations. Our results suggest that treatment with slightly acidic electrolyzed water may be a better choice to control nitrite levels in fresh vegetables during storage. This study provided a useful method to reduce nitrite levels in fresh spinach.

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Contribution of different vegetable types to exogenous nitrate and nitrite exposure

Cited by 74 publications

References 29 publications

Assessment of groundwater contamination in an agricultural peri-urban area (NW Portugal): an integrated approach

Assessment of groundwater contamination in an agricultural peri-urban area (NW Portugal): an integrated approach

The Effect of Biostimulant and Fertilizer on “Low Input” Lettuce Production

Effect of Electrolyzed Oxidizing Water Treatment on the Reduction of Nitrite Levels in Fresh Spinach during Storage

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