Contribution of Excessive Supply of Solid Material to a Runoff-Generated Debris Flow during Its Routing Along a Gully and Its Impact on the Downstream Village with Blockage Effects

Chen, Mingliang; Liu, Xingnian; Wang, Xiekang; Zhao, Tao; Zhou, Jia‐wen

doi:10.3390/w11010169

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Debris flows are a common type of geological disaster in mountainous areas 1 , 2 , which often causes huge casualties and property losses 3 , 4 . To scientifically deal with debris flow disasters, a lot of research has been carried out from the aspects of debris flow physics 5 – 9 , risk assessment 10 – 12 , social vulnerability/resilience 13 – 15 , etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respective influence of vertical mountain differentiation on debris flow occurrence in the Upper Min River, China

Ding

Huang

Zheng

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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The generation, formation, and development of debris flow are closely related to the vertical climate, vegetation, soil, lithology and topography of the mountain area. Taking in the upper reaches of Min River (the Upper Min River) as the study area, combined with GIS and RS technology, the Geo-detector (GEO) method was used to quantitatively analyze the respective influence of 9 factors on debris flow occurrence. We identify from a list of 5 variables that explain 53.92%% of the total variance. Maximum daily rainfall and slope are recognized as the primary driver (39.56%) of the spatiotemporal variability of debris flow activity. Interaction detector indicates that the interaction between the vertical differentiation factors of the mountainous areas in the study area is nonlinear enhancement. Risk detector shows that the debris flow accumulation area and propagation area in the Upper Min River are mainly distributed in the arid valleys of subtropical and warm temperate zones. The study results of this paper will enrich the scientific basis of prevention and reduction of debris flow hazards.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respective influence of vertical mountain differentiation on debris flow occurrence in the Upper Min River, China

Ding

Huang

Zheng

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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“…The occurrence of debris-flow events in this region of complex terrain is strongly induced by ubiquitous slopes-bed deposits of weathered-source grain sediments and weather system. Such as recurrent monsoon in the wet season is associated with thunderstorms that result in a locally intensive downpour; the recorded rainfall intensity is sufficient to trigger debris flow [17,20,26]. The risk presented by debris flow is dynamic and the threat related to a hydrological hazard could aggravate severe hazard in the near future due to modifying climate pattern in the tropical region that could change the precipitation system.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…So also, debris flow activated from landslide is driven once the triggering rainfall produces an upsurge of the free-water present in soil related grains with detailed groundwater level travels over its bed. Details on debris flow activated from landslides can be found in [15,17,18,19,20,21]. The occurrences of debris-flow triggering factors are expected to intensify due to climate change [22,23,24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Data Mining and Statistical Approaches in Debris-Flow Susceptibility Modelling Using Airborne LiDAR Data

Lay

Pradhan

Yusoff

et al. 2019

Sensors

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Cameron Highland is a popular tourist hub in the mountainous area of Peninsular Malaysia. Most communities in this area suffer frequent incidence of debris flow, especially during monsoon seasons. Despite the loss of lives and properties recorded annually from debris flow, most studies in the region concentrate on landslides and flood susceptibilities. In this study, debris-flow susceptibility prediction was carried out using two data mining techniques; Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) and Support Vector Regression (SVR) models. The existing inventory of debris-flow events (640 points) were selected for training 70% (448) and validation 30% (192). Twelve conditioning factors namely; elevation, plan-curvature, slope angle, total curvature, slope aspect, Stream Transport Index (STI), profile curvature, roughness index, Stream Catchment Area (SCA), Stream Power Index (SPI), Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) and Topographic Position Index (TPI) were selected from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR)-derived Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data. Multi-collinearity was checked using Information Factor, Cramer’s V, and Gini Index to identify the relative importance of conditioning factors. The susceptibility models were produced and categorized into five classes; not-susceptible, low, moderate, high and very-high classes. Models performances were evaluated using success and prediction rates where the area under the curve (AUC) showed a higher performance of MARS (93% and 83%) over SVR (76% and 72%). The result of this study will be important in contingency hazards and risks management plans to reduce the loss of lives and properties in the area.

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“…Owing to their destructive power, debris flows can produce significant natural hazards. Often, debris flows generated by solid–liquid mass releases exhibit exceptionally high mobility, leading to catastrophic disasters extending far beyond the source zone (Iverson, 1997; Legros, 2002; Rickenmann, 2005; Lucas et al ., 2014; Gregoretti et al ., 2018; Chen et al ., 2019). Field observations and experimental measurements indicate that debris flow mobility increases with initial volume (Iverson, 1997; Rickenmann, 2005), and is further enhanced by bed erosion, water content, and grain‐size heterogeneity (Iverson, 1997; Legros, 2002; Rickenmann, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Grain‐energy release governs mobility of debris flow due to solid–liquid mass release

Cao

Borthwick

et al. 2020

Earth Surf Processes Landf

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Debris flows often exhibit high mobility, leading to extensive hazards far from their sources. Although it is known that debris flow mobility increases with initial volume, the underlying mechanism remains uncertain. Here, we reconstruct the mobility–volume relation for debris flows using a recent depth‐averaged two‐phase flow model without evoking a reduced friction coefficient, challenging currently prevailing friction‐reduction hypotheses. Physical experimental debris flows driven by solid–liquid mass release and extended numerical cases at both laboratory and field scales are resolved by the model. For the first time, we probe into the energetics of the debris flows and find that, whilst the energy balance holds and fine and coarse grains play distinct roles in debris flow energetics, the grains as a whole release energy to the liquid due to inter‐phase and inter‐grain size interactions, and this grain‐energy release correlates closely with mobility. Despite uncertainty arising from the model closures, our results provide insight into the fundamental mechanisms operating in debris flows. We propose that debris flow mobility is governed by grain‐energy release, thereby facilitating a bridge between mobility and internal energy transfer. The initial volume of debris flow is inadequate for characterizing debris flow mobility, and a friction‐reduction mechanism is not a prerequisite for the high mobility of debris flows. By contrast, inter‐phase and inter‐grain size interactions play primary roles and should be incorporated explicitly in debris flow models. Our findings are qualitatively encouraging and physically meaningful, providing implications not only for assessing future debris flow hazards and informing mitigation and adaptation strategies, but also for unravelling a spectrum of earth surface processes including heavily sediment‐laden floods, subaqueous debris flows and turbidity currents in rivers, reservoirs, estuaries, and ocean. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Contribution of Excessive Supply of Solid Material to a Runoff-Generated Debris Flow during Its Routing Along a Gully and Its Impact on the Downstream Village with Blockage Effects

Cited by 19 publications

References 51 publications

Respective influence of vertical mountain differentiation on debris flow occurrence in the Upper Min River, China

Respective influence of vertical mountain differentiation on debris flow occurrence in the Upper Min River, China

Data Mining and Statistical Approaches in Debris-Flow Susceptibility Modelling Using Airborne LiDAR Data

Grain‐energy release governs mobility of debris flow due to solid–liquid mass release

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