Contribution of Genetic Epidemiologic Research to Psychiatry

Merikangas, Kathleen R.

doi:10.1159/000284957

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

(13 reference statements)

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“…by an increase of prevalence rates for depressive disorders in relatives of the patients with fatigue compared with control persons. Thus, it could be clarified whether the relationship between fatigue and depression is perhaps based on common factors of risk, which trigger or cause both disorders (shared underlying aetiology models), or whether a causal connection is to be assumed, in which one illness precedes the other or causes it (causal model) (Merikangas 1995; Härter 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concepts of fatigue and depression in cancer

Reuter

Härter

2004

Eur J Cancer Care

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A strong association between fatigue and depression in cancer patients has been reported repeatedly in clinical studies. The distinction remains difficult, mainly because of the similar phenomenology of fatigue and depression. It is the aim of this paper to work out similarities and differences in the conception of fatigue and depressive disorders. For that, a differentiation between depression as emotional distress and depression as clinical syndrome, according to the current classification systems, has to be made. Therefore, the classification of depressive disorders and their criteria is presented in the second section of this paper, especially in view of the diagnosis of depressive disorders in cancer patients. The comparison of the multidimensional fatigue construct and depression shows a strong overlap of symptoms. None of the fatigue symptoms are specific for fatigue, all being elements of depressive syndromes. It is in particular the psychological symptoms of depressive disorders that differentiate between the two concepts. To that end, the question is discussed whether fatigue in its current conceptualization can be defined as a diagnostic entity independent of depressive disorders. Additionally, research approaches are presented from the area of the chronic fatigue syndrome and neurasthenia, which could be adapted to cancer-related fatigue and help to clarify the clinical differences between fatigue and depression. In order to ensure better differential diagnostics in the future, criteria-orientated research in particular is needed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The concepts of fatigue and depression in cancer

Reuter

Härter

2004

Eur J Cancer Care

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“…There is also evidence suggesting that many psychiatric disorders may be familial and that genetic factors account for a significant proportion of the variance in their etiology (Merikangas, 1995). Just as certain genetically transmitted personality traits (e.g., neuroticism, extraversion, psychoticism) are linked to smoking onset and dependence, so too are several major forms of psychopathology (Breslau, 1995), including depression, schizophrenia, and conduct disorder.…”

Section: Predisposing Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Smoking, stress, and negative affect: Correlation, causation, and context across stages of smoking.

Kassel

Stroud

Paronis³

2003

Psychological Bulletin

974

797

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This transdisciplinary review of the literature addresses the questions, Do stress and negative affect (NA) promote smoking? and Does smoking genuinely relieve stress and NA? Drawing on both human and animal literatures, the authors examine these questions across three developmental stages of smoking--initiation, maintenance, and relapse. Methodological and conceptual distinctions relating to within- and between-subjects levels of analyses are emphasized throughout the review. Potential mechanisms underlying links between stress and NA and smoking are also reviewed. Relative to direct-effect explanations, the authors argue that contextual mediator-moderator approaches hold greater potential for elucidating complex associations between NA and stress and smoking. The authors conclude with recommendations for research initiatives that draw on more sophisticated theories and methodologies.

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“…As well, high-risk clinical populations can provide important insights into pathways to adult disorders, the evolution and validity of diagnoses, the specificity oftreatment response, and, eventually, the design and study of specific and more sophisticated prevention and intervention strategies (107).…”

Section: Prevention and Early Intervention Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As pointed out by Harrington and Clark, early intervention mood disorder programs have several advantages, including the possibility of preventing recurrence and evidence for the effectiveness of pharmacological and psychological therapies for adolescent mood disorders (100). As well, high-risk clinical populations can provide important insights into pathways to adult disorders, the evolution and validity of diagnoses, the specificity oftreatment response, and, eventually, the design and study of specific and more sophisticated prevention and intervention strategies (107).…”

Section: Prevention and Early Intervention Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toward Effective Early Intervention and Prevention Strategies for Major Affective Disorders: A Review of Antecedents and Risk Factors

Duffy

2000

Can J Psychiatry

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Conclusions: Substantial evidence supports the effectiveness ofearly intervention and prevention efforts in children at riskfor mood disorders (identified as having affectedfamily members) and in adolescents manifesting significant mood symptoms and syndromes (especially if associated with a positive family history). However, the current level of understanding regarding the etiological significance and mechanism ofrisk factors associated with mood disorders does not support broad community-based primary prevention strategies in unselected populations.(Can J Psychiatry 2000;45:340-348)

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Contribution of Genetic Epidemiologic Research to Psychiatry

Cited by 4 publications

References 11 publications

The concepts of fatigue and depression in cancer

The concepts of fatigue and depression in cancer

Smoking, stress, and negative affect: Correlation, causation, and context across stages of smoking.

Toward Effective Early Intervention and Prevention Strategies for Major Affective Disorders: A Review of Antecedents and Risk Factors

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