“…In fact, a large number of theoretical calculations for this important physical quantity have been implemented under different methods for various metals [ 32 , 33 , 39 , 40 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. Nonetheless, from very low electron temperatures(∼300 K) to very high electron temperature (>2000 K), different models provide estimations varying by a factor of two at the least and up to an order of magnitude [ 49 ].…”