Contribution of mandibular symphyseal distraction osteogenesis to our therapeutic strategies

Abstract

Distraction osteogenesis helps create new bone by using the natural bone repair process. This technique, applied to the symphysis, affords a new perspective: increasing the mandibular transverse dimension in a stable way due to a simultaneous expansion of the skeletal structure. In this respect, it represents a potential alternative to therapy conventionally implemented to remedy dental crowding and mandibular transverse deficiency. All the same, the technique remains marginal as it is considered to be too invasive and risky. With the exception of the patient's cooperation, the success of mandibular symphyseal distraction osteogenesis (MSDO) relies on three main points: good knowledge of indications, strict compliance with the protocol, and lastly the prevention and management of possible complications. After reviewing these three sections, we will cover a few clinical applications.

Pharyngeal airway changes following symohyseal distraction osteogenesis

“…This provides mechanical stimulation for new bone formation. This new bone formation leads to successful increase of the inter-canine width with no risk of relapse [32] .…”

Maxillomandibular Transverse Osteodistraction: A Multidisciplinary Case Report with 30-Month Follow-Up

“…The synostosis of the mandibular symphysis occurs during the first year after delivery, and the use of orthodontic devices (e.g., lingual arches [5], functional appliances [6], Schwarz plates, and archwires [7]) has proved inadequate to gain more than 6-8 mm in the lower arch [8,9]. Several methods exist to overcome this limit (e.g., through interprox-imal enamel reduction, extracting teeth, or even using bone anchorages to lower the lateral sectors [8]). However, the stability of these treatments is often unpredictable and can result in adverse side effects [10].…”