Contribution of meat fat to dietary arachidonic acid

Li, Duo; Ng, A.; Mann, Neil; Sinclair, Andrew J.

doi:10.1007/s11745-998-0225-7

Cited by 88 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…We did observe an independent negative association with triglyceride levels in both surveys, in agreement with the hypotriglyceridaemic effect attributed to marine fatty acids [14]. The associations and trends reported in the PIVUS survey may be attributed to the fact that there was also a moderate positive loading from arachidonic acid, which is usually from dietary animal sources [41]. Indeed, we did not observe such associations when EPA or DHA was evaluated individually.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Serum fatty acid patterns, insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome in individuals with chronic kidney disease

et al. 2013

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Abstract. Huang X, Sj€ ogren P, € Arnl€ ov J, Cederholm T, Lind L, Stenvinkel P, Lindholm B, Ris erus U, Carrero JJ (Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm; Uppsala University, Uppsala; Section of Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Uppsala; Dalarna University, Falun; Uppsala University, Uppsala; Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden). Serum fatty acid patterns, insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome in individuals with chronic kidney disease. J Intern Med 2014; 275: 71-83.Objectives. The causes of the multiple metabolic disorders of individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are not fully known. We investigated the relationships between dietary fat quality, the metabolic syndrome (MetS), insulin sensitivity and inflammation in individuals with CKD.Subjects. Two population-based surveys were conducted in elderly Swedish individuals (aged 70 years) with serum cystatin C-estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 mL min À1 /1.73 m 2 : the Uppsala Longitudinal Study of Adult Men (ULSAM) and the Prospective Investigation of the Vasculature in Uppsala Seniors (PIVUS) surveys. The present population comprised 274 men and 187 subjects (63% women) from the ULSAM and PIVUS cohorts, respectively.Design. Factor analyses of serum fatty acids were used to evaluate dietary fat quality. Insulin sensitivity was measured by homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (IR) and, in ULSAM, also by euglycaemic clamp.Results. Factor analyses generated two fatty acid patterns of (i) low linoleic acid (LA)/high saturated fatty acid (SFA) or (ii) high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (n-3 PUFA) levels. In both surveys, the low LA/high SFA pattern increased the odds of having MetS [adjusted odds ratio 0.60 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.44-0.81] and 0.45 (95% CI 0.30-0.67) per SD decrease in factor score in the ULSAM and PIVUS surveys, respectively] and was directly associated with both IR and C-reactive protein. The n-3 PUFA pattern was not consistently associated with these risk factors.Conclusions. A serum fatty acid pattern reflecting low LA and high SFA was strongly associated with MetS, IR and inflammation in two independent surveys of elderly individuals with CKD. At present, there are no specific dietary guidelines for individuals with CKD; however, these findings indirectly support current recommendations to replace SFAs with PUFAs from vegetable oils.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Serum fatty acid patterns, insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome in individuals with chronic kidney disease

et al. 2013

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“…However, the arachidonic acid contents of lean red meats, poultry, liver, and eggs in our table (Table 19) are quite comparable to those published in one of these studies (35). We have taken into account in our table that meat fat, especially pork fat, can significantly contribute to dietary arachidonic acid intake (37), but this does not seem to be able to explain the large difference between the study by Meyer et al (15) and this and other studies. The single 24-h recall used in the study by Meyer et al has perhaps underestimated the intake of some foods.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…The highest intakes are found in Japan, with EPA + DHA intakes amounting to 1-1.5 g/d in men and 0.7-1.1 g/d in women (9,10,26,31,32), but high values also have been found in Norway (1 g/d in men and 0.7 g/d in women) (14) and in Spain (about 0.7 g/d in pooled men and women) (34,37), likely due to the higher consumption of fish in Scandinavian countries and in Spain than in the rest of Europe (38). Lower values of EPA + DHA intake have been found in the United States (210 mg/d in men and 240 mg/d in women) (24), in Germany (ca.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Dietary intakes and food sources of n−6 and n−3 PUFA in french adult men and women

Astorg

Arnault

Czernichow

et al. 2004

Lipids

178

153

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The intake of individual n-6 and n-3 PUFA has been estimated in 4,884 adult subjects (2,099 men and 2,785 women), volunteers from the French SU.VI.MAX intervention trial. The food intakes of each subject were recorded in at least ten 24-h record questionnaires completed over a period of 2.5 yr, allowing the estimation of the daily intake of energy; total fat; and linoleic, alpha-linolenic, arachidonic, eicosapentaenoic (EPA), n-3 docosapentaenoic (DPA), and docosahexaenoic (DHA) acids. The mean total fat intake corresponded to 94.1 g/d (36.3% of total energy intake) in men and 73.4 g/d (38.1% of energy) in women. The intake of linoleic acid was 10.6 g/d in men and 8.1 g/d in women, representing 4.2% of energy intake; that of alpha-linolenic acid was 0.94 g/d in men and 0.74 g/d in women, representing 0.37% of energy intake, with a mean linoleic/alpha-linolenic acid ratio of 11.3. The mean intakes of long-chain PUFA were: arachidonic acid, 204 mg/d in men and 152 mg/d in women; EPA, 150 mg/d in men and 118 mg/d in women; DPA, 75 mg/d in men and 56 mg/d in women; DHA, 273 mg/d in men and 226 mg/d in women; long-chain n-3 PUFA, 497 mg/d in men and 400 mg/d in women. Ninety-five percent of the sample consumed less than 0.5% of energy as alpha-linolenic acid, which is well below the current French recommendation for adults (0.8% of energy). In contrast, the mean intakes of long-chain n-6 and n-3 PUFA appear fairly high and fit the current French recommendations (total long-chain PUFA: 500 mg/d in men and 400 mg/d in women; DHA: 120 mg/d in men and 100 mg/d in women). The intakes of alpha-linolenic acid, and to a lesser extent of linoleic acid, were highly correlated with that of lipids. Whereas the main source of linoleic acid was vegetable oils, all food types contributed to alpha-linolenic acid intake, the main ones being animal products (meat, poultry, and dairy products). The main source of EPA and DHA (and of total long-chain n-3 PUFA) was fish and seafood, but the major source of DPA was meat, poultry, and eggs. Fish and seafood consumption showed very large interindividual variations, the low consumers being at risk of insufficient n-3 PUFA intake.

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“…fused silica column bonded phase column (BPX70, SGE, Melbourne, Australia). Fatty acids were identified by comparison with standard mixtures of fatty acid methyl esters and the results were calculated using response factors derived from chromatograph of standards of known composition (Nu-Chek-Prep, Elysian, MN, USA) [11].…”

Section: Fatty Acid Compositions Of Triacylglycerol and Phospholipidmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal Variations of Lipid Content and Composition in Perna viridis

Zhang

Sinclair

2007

Lipids

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The total lipid content, composition of main lipid classes, composition of sterols and composition of fatty acids in the main glycerolipids of Perna viridis were analyzed through four seasons using TLC-FID and GLC. Mussel samples were collected during different seasons between 2003 and 2004 from Shengsi Island, Zhejiang Province, China and stored frozen prior to freeze-drying and lipid extraction. Ten grams of dried mussel powder of each season were analyzed. Total lipid content ranged from 14.5 g/100 g in spring month to 7.8 g/100 g dried mussel powder in autumn month. The predominant lipid in spring month was triacylglycerol (TAG), however, in the other three seasons the phospholipids (PL) was the main lipid class. The most abundant fatty acid in TAG, PL and phosphatidylcholine (PC) was 16:0, with the summer samples having the highest proportion (24-30% of total fatty acid) and winter the lowest (14-22%). In phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), the spring samples had the highest proportions of 16:0. The predominant polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were 22:6n-3 and 20:5n-3 in TAG, PL, PE and PC (25-40%). The proportions of 22:6n-3 and 20:5n-3 were higher in spring than in other seasons in PL and PE. There were nine sterols identified, with cholesterol being the predominant sterol, and other main ones were desmostersol/brassicasterol and 24-methylenecholesterol. Proportions of other fatty acids in different lipid fractions and the sterol compositions as well also varied seasonally. There were subject to the seasonal variations. Differences in lipid content and composition, fatty acid composition in different lipid fractions may be caused by multiple factors such as lifecycle, sex, variation of plankton in different seasons and temperature, which could influence physiological activities and metabolism.

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Contribution of meat fat to dietary arachidonic acid

Cited by 88 publications

References 13 publications

Serum fatty acid patterns, insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome in individuals with chronic kidney disease

Serum fatty acid patterns, insulin sensitivity and the metabolic syndrome in individuals with chronic kidney disease

Dietary intakes and food sources of n−6 and n−3 PUFA in french adult men and women

Seasonal Variations of Lipid Content and Composition in Perna viridis

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