Contribution of mechanical dispersion of vapor to soil evaporation

Grifoll, Jordi

doi:10.1002/wrcr.20105

Cited by 11 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…In unsaturated soil, air may freely escape from soil to atmosphere, so that the air pressure along the soil profile may be constant (Grifoll, 2013;Grifoll et al, 2005). Under such condition, air flow is driven by two mechanisms: the changes of moisture content cause the changes of volumetric air content, and the air density a ρ varies due to expansion or contraction effects caused by the changes of vapour density v ρ : …”

Section: Canopy Interception Transpiration and Root Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…17) is formulated based on the assumption of local thermodynamic equilibrium: the temperatures of three phases (i.e., water, air, and soil solid matrix) are equivalent (Grifoll, 2013;Mosthaf et al, 2011;Parlange et al, 1998), which holds if the preferential flow is negligible. The advection thermal transport is caused by the mass transport of water and air.…”

Section: Canopy Interception Transpiration and Root Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…is the pore velocity of water flow; H α (m) is the thermal dispersivity (Grifoll, 2013) The mathematical framework is numerically solved by an author-developed script under Python 2.7 programming language. Specifically, the governing equations in multi-phase flow model compose a fully-coupled partial differential equations system.…”

Section: Model Coupling Approaches and Numerical Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, the governing equations in multi-phase flow model compose a fully-coupled partial differential equations system. The iteration approach proposed by Grifoll (2013) is used. The equations of air, vapour, and heat transport are solved by the Crank-Nicholson finite difference method, and the Richards equation is solved by a fully-implicit finite difference method (Celia et al, 1990;Pinder and Celia, 2006).…”

Section: Model Coupling Approaches and Numerical Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The non-isothermal multi-phase flow models have demonstrated a high accuracy in simulating soil temperature, moisture content, and evaporation rate (Grifoll et al, 2005;Smits et al, 2012;Zeng et al, 2011). However, the existing applications are still limited in bare soil for either short-time period studies (i.e., a few days) (Davarzani et al, 2014) or indoor chamber evaporation experiments (Grifoll, 2013;Mosthaf et al, 2011;Smits et al, 2012). The nonisothermal multi-phase flow models enable a more complete description of both soil hydrology and thermodynamics processes, and they also have potential to apply in the vegetated soils.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Simulations of coupled non-isothermal soil moisture transport and evaporation fluxes in a forest area

Shao

Langhammer

2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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This study focuses on the quantification of non-isothermal soil moisture transport and evaporation fluxes in vegetated area. A one-dimensional numerical model is developed by integrating a multi-phase flow model with a twolayer energy-balance model. The non-isothermal multi-phase flow model solves four governing equations for coupled air, vapour, moisture, and heat transport in soil porous medium. The two-layer energy balance model estimates evaporation fluxes from transpiration, interception, and soil surface. The model was implemented to an oak forest area in Missouri, USA. For model calibration and validation, measurements of energy fluxes, soil moisture, and soil temperature were used. The proposed model is compared with a simple model that couples the Penman-Monteith equation with the Richards' equation. The results indicate that the simple model underestimate the total evaporation rate. On the contrary, the proposed model includes a more detailed description of energy transfer, which could improve the accuracy in estimating evaporation rates. The proposed model could be a promising tool to quantify the energy and moisture fluxes in a soil-vegetation-atmosphere continuum in vegetated area.

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Section: Canopy Interception Transpiration and Root Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Canopy Interception Transpiration and Root Water Uptakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Coupling Approaches and Numerical Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Model Coupling Approaches and Numerical Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Simulations of coupled non-isothermal soil moisture transport and evaporation fluxes in a forest area

Shao

Langhammer

2017

Journal of Hydrology and Hydromechanics

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Importance of soil heating, liquid water loss, and vapor flow enhancement for evaporation

Novak

2016

Water Resour. Res.

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Field measurements conducted by Cahill and Parlange (1998) are reanalyzed to verify if their conclusion that daytime peak values of 60–70 W m−2 of latent heat flux divergence occurred in the 7–10 cm soil layer of a drying Yolo silt loam when maximum values of surface latent heat flux are estimated to have been about 100 W m−2. The new analyses, as similar to theirs as possible, are validated using a numerical simulation of coupled soil moisture and heat flow based on Philip and de Vries (1957) as a test bed. The numerical simulation is extended to include the flow of air induced by diurnal soil heating and evaporative water loss to verify the flux divergence calculations reported in Parlange et al. (1998) that explained the findings of Cahill and Parlange (1998). It is shown that the conclusions of both of these papers are in error, so that the original version of the Philip and de Vries (1957) theory is consistent with their field measurements after all and the effects of airflow associated with soil heating and liquid water loss (and low‐frequency barometric pressure variations also considered) are negligible in practice. In an additional investigation, enhancement of diffusive vapor flow (first postulated by Philip and de Vries (1957)) and discussed extensively in the literature since is shown to have negligible effects on cumulative evaporation under field conditions.

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Analysis of water vapor adsorption in soils by means of a lysimeter and numerical modeling

Saaltink

Kohfahl

Molano-Leno

2020

Vadose Zone Journal

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Daily temperature oscillations can cause adsorption (and desorption) of atmospheric water vapor by soils. The resulting daily fluctuations in the amount of liquid water in the soil can be measured by high-precision weighing lysimeters. We analyzed the data of a lysimeter in a sandy dune sediment in southern Spain using Codebright, a thermohydraulic numerical model for unsaturated flow that takes into account water, vapor, and heat transport in the soil, as well as soil-atmosphere interactions such as precipitation, evaporation, and solar radiation. The analysis shows that daily temperature oscillations, psychrometrics, and soil water retention can explain the fluctuations of the amount of liquid water in the soil. The retention curve, especially its driest part, is essential for the existence of these fluctuations. The fluctuations could not be reproduced by a model using the van Genuchten retention curve with a constant residual saturation. On the other hand, satisfactory results could be obtained by models using retention curves that at their driest part still show a change of saturation with suction. Moreover, the models suggest within the top few decimeters of the soil a pattern of alternating bands of condensation and evaporation, which follows the daily temperature oscillations that fade out deeper in the soil.

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Contribution of mechanical dispersion of vapor to soil evaporation

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Simulations of coupled non-isothermal soil moisture transport and evaporation fluxes in a forest area

Simulations of coupled non-isothermal soil moisture transport and evaporation fluxes in a forest area

Importance of soil heating, liquid water loss, and vapor flow enhancement for evaporation

Analysis of water vapor adsorption in soils by means of a lysimeter and numerical modeling

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