Contribution of microbial mats to sedimentary surface structures

Gerdes, Gisela; Claes, Marianne; Dunajtschik-Piewak, K.; Riege, Heike; Krumbein, Wolfgang E.; Reineck, Hans‐Erich

doi:10.1007/bf02536918

Cited by 128 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…A large part of cyanobacterial mats in tidal-flats consists of Spirulina spp. (Gerdes et al, 1993); thus, Spirulina was an appropriate organism for our study. The experimental conditions led to about equimolar productions of sulfide and methane.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of cyanobacterial biomass in anoxic tidal-flat sediments: a microcosm study of metabolic processes and community changes

2011

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To follow the anaerobic degradation of organic matter in tidal-flat sediments, a stimulation experiment with 13 C-labeled Spirulina biomass (130 mg per 21 g sediment slurry) was conducted over a period of 24 days. A combination of microcalorimetry to record process kinetics, chemical analyses of fermentation products and RNA-based stable-isotope probing (SIP) to follow community changes was applied. Different degradation phases could be identified by microcalorimetry: Within 2 days, heat output reached its maximum (55 lW), while primary fermentation products were formed (in lmol) as follows: acetate 440, ethanol 195, butyrate 128, propionate 112, H 2 127 and smaller amounts of valerate, propanol and butanol. Sulfate was depleted within 7 days. Thereafter, methanogenesis was observed and secondary fermentation proceeded. H 2 and alcohols disappeared completely, whereas fatty acids decreased in concentration. Three main degraders were identified by RNA-based SIP and denaturant gradient gel electrophoresis. After 12 h, two phylotypes clearly enriched in 13 C: (i) Psychrilyobacter atlanticus, a fermenter known to produce hydrogen and acetate and (ii) bacteria distantly related to Propionigenium. A Cytophaga-related bacterium was highly abundant after day 3. Sulfate reduction appeared to be performed by incompletely oxidizing species, as only sulfate-reducing bacteria related to Desulfovibrio were labeled as long as sulfate was available.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradation of cyanobacterial biomass in anoxic tidal-flat sediments: a microcosm study of metabolic processes and community changes

2011

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“…Their close association with crater-like depressions resembling sand volcanoes suggests that they may have formed openUP (April 2008) when sand filled the space created under a mat cover which had been elevated by fluid pressure (cf., [Gerdes et al, 1993] and [Sarkar et al, 2004] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial mat mediated structures in the Ediacaran Sonia Sandstone, Rajasthan, India, and their implications for proterozoic sedimentation

Sarkar

Bose

Samanta

et al. 2008

Precambrian Research

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A strong influence of microbial mats on the physics of Neoproterozoic sedimentation is explored within a 60 m-thick stratigraphic interval within the Sonia Sandstone, Jodhpur Group, western India. This marine interval is bounded by two terrestrial units, its base being marked by a transgressive lag and the top by an unconformity. Progradation from upper neritic, above fair-weather wave base to supralittoral settings was later terminated by a transgression; deposits of lower shoreface-upper shoreface transition thus overlie supralittoral aeolian sandstones, the basal contact of the former deposits being marked by another transgressive lag.A wide spectrum and abundant examples of microbial mat or mat-derived structures supports unusual cohesiveness within granular sand deposited in a high-energy marine environment. The cohesiveness is manifested in abundant preservation of several delicate primary structures and also in their replication in overlying beds, even after they were subjected to high-energy currents.A low rate of sedimentation and severely restricted sediment reworking resulted from prolific mat growth, and consequent depletion in the sediment budget was manifested in openUP (April 2008) bedform migration and evolution. These factors could also have influenced the sequencebuilding pattern in a distinctive way, as is already reported from several Meso-and Neoproterozoic successions. Ubiquitous mat growth thus had the potential to impart significant distinctions to Proterozoic clastic sedimentary successions.

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“…Considering the sub-micrometer size of apatite crystals and exceptional preservation of 507 microfossils in the Doushantuo phosphorites (e.g., Xiao et al, 1998; She et al, 2014), phosphate 508 25 crystallization must have been a rapid process during which diagenetic oxidation of OM could 509 have produced CO 2 gas. It is well known that biogenic gas can be trapped within microbial mats 510 and lead to gas domes during early diagenesis in modern environments (e.g., Gerdes et al, 1993). 511…”

Section: A Genetic Classification Scheme For Aits 440mentioning

confidence: 99%

New observations of Ambient Inclusion Trails (AITs) and pyrite framboids in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, South China

She

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2016

Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology

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Contribution of microbial mats to sedimentary surface structures

Cited by 128 publications

References 22 publications

Degradation of cyanobacterial biomass in anoxic tidal-flat sediments: a microcosm study of metabolic processes and community changes

Degradation of cyanobacterial biomass in anoxic tidal-flat sediments: a microcosm study of metabolic processes and community changes

Microbial mat mediated structures in the Ediacaran Sonia Sandstone, Rajasthan, India, and their implications for proterozoic sedimentation

New observations of Ambient Inclusion Trails (AITs) and pyrite framboids in the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation, South China

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