Contribution of nitrate-nitrogen concentration in groundwater to stream water in an agricultural head watershed

Effects of Heterogeneous Stream‐Groundwater Exchange on the Source Composition of Stream Discharge and Solute Load

“…In this simple model, the reactions of nitrate in the vadose zone are not considered. Similar to previous work (Almasri & Kaluarachchi, 2007;Lee et al, 2020), nitrate transport inside the groundwater is simulated using MT3DMS (Zheng & Wang, 1999). Denitrification in groundwater has been considered as first order decay (Almasri & Kaluarachchi, 2007;Frind et al, 1990;Liu & Koenig, 2002) with a decay coefficient (λ) of 0.693/τ (Almasri & Kaluarachchi, 2007), where τ is the half-life time [d].…”

Integrated Surface-Groundwater Modelling of Nitrate Concentration in Mediterranean Rivers, the Júcar River Basin District, Spain

“…However, the proportion of this correlation depends on the GW discharge into the river, the nitrate concentration in GW, and the relationship between SW-GW. The effects of the nitrate transfer from the aquifer to the rivers have been previously analysed in Mediterranean areas [50] and other parts of the world [24,51], where an increase of nitrates was found in rivers located in areas with high discharge from polluted aquifers. This demonstrates the need to use simulation models that include SW−GW interactions, what is particularly important in arid and semi−arid areas, such as the Júcar RBD.…”

“…Several studies have evaluated the SW-GW interactions in watershed management and their impact on water quantity and quality. As a result, GW discharges with high nutrient levels are considered as a source of SW pollution and ecosystem damage [23,24]. Understanding the effects of SW-GW interactions is a key factor in the management of water resources in GW-dependent areas to supply the demands; however, it is not always considered in decision-making [25,26].…”

Peptide-directed Pd-decorated Au and PdAu nanocatalysts for degradation of nitrite in water

“… 1 Unfortunately, water resources including streams, rivers, and groundwater have been found to contain various levels of nitrate, nitrite, phosphate, chlorate, and other ions. 2–5 An ubiquitous contaminant present in more than two-thirds of water resource samples is nitrate (NO 3 − ) coming from anthropogenic sources such as fertilizer run-off. 6,7 Nitrate can be readily converted to nitrite (NO 2 − ), and nitrite is known to lead to birth defects, hypertension, blue baby syndrome, and various forms of cancer.…”