Contribution of Peroxynitrite, a Reactive Nitrogen Species, in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmunity

Ahmad, Rizwan; Ahsan, Haseeb

doi:10.5772/20149

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…A plausible explanation is that the higher production of H 2 O 2 , NO and ONOO − by nsp DBD modified the amino acid side‐chains and thus altered the basic nature of collagen. Specifically, the RNS, ONOO − , is known to react with proline/hydroxyproline (prevalent in collagen) and produce the more basic N ‐nitrosopyrrolidine amino acid, by converting the carbonyl to a nitroso group (Ahmad and Ahsan, ). Supporting a change in amino acid chemistry, as opposed to a structural change or cleavage, analysis of both Matrigel and type IV collagen by FTIR and western blot showed no detectable differences between μsp DBD and nsp DBD treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical modification of extracellular matrix by cold atmospheric plasma-generated reactive species affects chondrogenesis and bone formation

Eisenhauer

Chernets

Song

et al. 2016

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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The goal of this study was to investigate whether cold plasma generated by dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) modifies extracellular matrices (ECM) to influence chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification. Replacement of cartilage by bone during endochondral ossification is essential in fetal skeletal development, bone growth and fracture healing. Regulation of this process by the ECM occurs through matrix remodelling, involving a variety of cell attachment molecules and growth factors, which influence cell morphology and protein expression. The commercially available ECM, Matrigel, was treated with microsecond or nanosecond pulsed (µsp or nsp, respectively) DBD frequencies conditions at the equivalent frequencies (1 kHz) or power (~1 W). Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 was added and the mixture subcutaneously injected into mice to simulate ectopic endochondral ossification. Two weeks later, the masses were extracted and analysed by microcomputed tomography. A significant increase in bone formation was observed in Matrigel treated with µsp DBD compared with control, while a significant decrease in bone formation was observed for both nsp treatments. Histological and immunohistochemical analysis showed Matrigel treated with µsp plasma increased the number of invading cells, the amount of vascular endothelial growth factor and chondrogenesis while the opposite was true for Matrigel treated with nsp plasma. In support of the in vivo Matrigel study, 10 T1/2 cells cultured in vitro on µsp DBD-treated type I collagen showed increased expression of adhesion proteins and activation of survival pathways, which decreased with nsp plasma treatments. These results indicate DBD modification of ECM can influence cellular behaviours to accelerate or inhibit chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical modification of extracellular matrix by cold atmospheric plasma-generated reactive species affects chondrogenesis and bone formation

Eisenhauer

Chernets

Song

et al. 2016

J Tissue Eng Regen Med

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“…20 Therefore, the DNA-arginine photoadduct and modified photoadduct could have important implications in various pathophysiological conditions such as toxicology, carcinogenesis, and autoimmune phenomena. [21][22][23][24] …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Analysis of Human DNA-Arginine Photoadduct Modified with Peroxynitrite

Ahmad

Yadav²,

Chaudhary³

et al. 2012

Nucleosides, Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids

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The aim of the study is the biochemical characterization of human DNA modified with arginine and peroxynitrite. In the present study, DNA was isolated from human blood cells and its adduct was formed with one of the amino acid, arginine. The DNA-arginine adduct was then modified with peroxynitrite, a reactive nitrogen species. The modified DNA adduct was characterized by ultraviolet (UV) absorption spectroscopy, thermal melting profile, and electrophoresis studies. UV spectroscopic analysis of the photoadduct showed hyperchromicity, indicating the formation of single-strand breaks and photomodification. Thermal denaturation studies of DNA-arginine adduct and peroxynitrite-modified adduct showed a decrease in the temperature (T(m)) value by 4.5°C and an increase in the T(m) of 8°C, respectively. Peroxynitrite modification is evident by an increase in the T(m) value and a change in the migration pattern of native and modified photoadducts on agarose gel electrophoresis. The DNA-arginine and peroxynitrite-modified photoadducts could have important implications in various pathophysiological and immunopathological conditions.

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“…Indirectly peroxynitrite formation can be measured by use of fluorescent probe dihydro rhodamine 123(DHR) which accumulate in the mitochondria when oxidized by various reactive species including peroxynitrite, tertbutyl hydrogen peroxides an agent resulting in formation of endogenous peroxynitrite. Under these conditions DHR was not directly oxidized by peroxynitrite [7]. Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical whose inappropriate formation might cause deleterious effect in human pathologies such as acute endotoxemia, neurological disorders, atherosclerosis and ischemia/reperfusion [22].…”

Section: Peroxynitrite Biochemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Peroxynitrite as a reactive nitrogen species is a potent oxidant and nitrating species formed from the reaction between the free radical's nitric oxide and superoxide. An excessive formation of peroxynitrite mechanism contributing to cell death and in multiple cardiovascular pathologies, such as myocardial infarction, heart failure and atherosclerosis [7]. Peroxynitrite shows ability to nitrate tyrosine residues and affects cellular processes dependent on tyrosine phosphorylation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mode of cell death induced by peroxynitrite can be necrosis, apoptosis, or mixed types of cell death, depending on peroxynitrite concentration, on the duration of peroxynitrite exposure & on intracellular ATP levels. It has been reported that peroxynitrite can induce apoptosis in thymocytes and the toxicity of thymocytes induced by peroxynitrite can be mediated by the release of zinc from intracellular stores [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Photoadducts and Peroxynitrite: Implications in Pathophysiology and Immunopathology

Ahmad¹

2018

IJBP

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DNA adducts are a form of DNA damage caused by covalent attachment of a chemical moiety to DNA. Recent evidence suggests associations between the occurrence of adducts formed by specific compounds and various types of toxicity, such as mutation, cancer, and developmental effects. Small DNA or protein adducts can occur both from chemical exposure and from normal metabolic processes. Peroxynitrite is a relatively long-lived oxidant that may serve as an important cytotoxic agent. Its biological effects are due to its reactivity toward many molecules including lipids, amino acids and nucleic acids. In vivo, peroxynitrite formation represents a crucial pathological mechanism in conditions such as stroke, myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, diabetes, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders and cancer.

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Contribution of Peroxynitrite, a Reactive Nitrogen Species, in the Pathogenesis of Autoimmunity

Cited by 9 publications

References 65 publications

Chemical modification of extracellular matrix by cold atmospheric plasma-generated reactive species affects chondrogenesis and bone formation

Chemical modification of extracellular matrix by cold atmospheric plasma-generated reactive species affects chondrogenesis and bone formation

Analysis of Human DNA-Arginine Photoadduct Modified with Peroxynitrite

Photoadducts and Peroxynitrite: Implications in Pathophysiology and Immunopathology

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