Contribution of propionate to glucose synthesis in sheep

Leng, R. A.; Steel, J.W.; Luick, J. R.

doi:10.1042/bj1030785

Cited by 166 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Thus, their glucose requirements must be met by gluconeogenesis. One of the major glucose precursors is propionate, accounting for up to 50 % of glucose synthesis (Bergman et al 1966;Leng et al 1967;Lindsay 1978). Despite the extensive investigations of the quantitative aspects of propionate metabolism in ruminants, relatively little is known about the hormonal influences on its regulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Somatostatin and Glucagon on the Utilization of [2_14C] Propionate in Glucose Production in Vivo in Sheep

Brockman¹,

Greer²

1980

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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This study examined the effects of hypoglucagonaemia and hyperglucagonaemia on the incorporation of 14C from [2-14 C]propionate into plasma glucose of sheep in vivo. The sheep were adult ewes fed a maintenance diet of lucerne pellets delivered in equal aliquots hourly. The irreversible loss of glucose was determined by the continuous infusion of [6-3 H]glucose. During the control period (the hour immediately preceding infusion of hormones) 63 ±2 % of the propionate was converted to glucose, accounting for 30±2 % of glucose production. Glucagon deficiency, induced by infusion of somatostatin (100 J1g/h), did not affect gluconeogenesis and the irreversible loss of glucose significantly. However, glucagon infusion at 11 ·5 ±O· 6 J1g/h significantly increased the irreversible loss of glucose, with the greatest increase occurring in the first 15 min of infusion. The 14C specific radioactivity of glucose and the fraction of glucose derived from propionate decreased significantly during glucagon infusion. The data are consistent with glucagon having a marked glycogenolytic effect initially, but little or no selective effect in promoting the utilization of propionate for glucose synthesis in vivo in sheep.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Somatostatin and Glucagon on the Utilization of [2_14C] Propionate in Glucose Production in Vivo in Sheep

Brockman¹,

Greer²

1980

Aust. Jnl. Of Bio. Sci.

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“…LENG et al 30) reported that glucose is synthesized from VFAs absorbed from the rumen, and ARMSTRONG and BLAXTER29) reported that blood glucose is not increased by the ruminal infusion of VFAs. In the present study, the blood glucose level was also not changed when the diet was given through the rumen (experiment I).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study on Digestion and Utilization of Diets Introduced into the Rumen and Abomasum of Goats

Fujihara¹,

Furuhashi²,

Tasaki³

1979

Nihon Chikusan Gakkaiho

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To study the singularity of fore-stomach of ruminants, the utilization of nutrients and energy was compared between ruminal and abomasal feedings using goats fitted with permanent fistulas both at the rumen and at the abomasum as well as a tracheal cannula. The results obtained were as follows: 1) Apparent digestibility of starch was very high in ruminal feeding (98.6%) but low digestibility was observed when the same diet was infused into the abomasum (57.0%). When a diet containing 30% glucose and 45% cornstarch was infused into the abomasum, glucose was completely disappeared from the digestive tract and starch digestibility rose to 73%. From these findings, it is suggested that low digestibility of starch in the post-ruminal alimentary tract of ruminants is not due to the defect of the absorption of glucose produced by starch digestion, but to the defect of starch digestion itself. 2) When a diet containing 75% cornstarch was introduced into the rumen of goats, heat production was 5.1kcal per kg of metabolic body size per hour, and when the same diet was infused into the abomasum, heat production declined to 4.5kcal per kg of metabolic body size per hour. 3) When the diet was given ruminally, heat increment was found to be 30% of metabolizable energy, but when the same diet was given abomasally, it was reduced to 16%. VFA synthesis and its utilization in the rumen can explain the difference of heat increment between ruminal and abomasal feedings of the diet. 4) When the diet containing 75% cornstarch was given into the rumen and abomasum, blood glucose level was not changed after feeding, whereas, when the diet containing 30% glucose was infused into the abomasum, blood glucose level increased after feeding. From this result, it is suggested that readily available carbohydrate introduced into the post-ruminal alimentary tract is utilized by ruminants as ffectively as by non-ruminants.Jap. J. Zootech. Sci., 50 (7): [479][480][481][482][483][484][485][486][487] 1979 According to KAMEOKA1), when goats were given protein abomasally, protein digestibility was very similar to that in non-ruminants. FUJIHARA and TASAKI2) showed that when protein or starch was introduced into the abomasum of goats, digestibility of protein was very similar to that in ruminal feeding; nevertheless, starch digestibility by goats was extremely low compared to that in ruminal feeding or that by non-ruminants.

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“…The propionate challenge test was carried out during fasting in adolescent lambs to determine differences in hepatic capacity for gluconeogenesis, which is essential for the maintenance of glucose homeostasis during fasting. Propionate is one of the major substrates in gluconeogenesis in ruminants (Leng et al 1967), and an impaired glucose response to a propionate bolus injection has been used in clinics to reveal hepatic insufficiency in ruminants . Plasma glucose concentrations thus increased as expected in response to propionate, and this was associated with a transient increase in lactate concentrations in the fasted animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre- and postnatal nutrition in sheep affects β-cell secretion and hypothalamic control

Kongsted¹,

Husted²,

Thygesen³

et al. 2013

Journal of Endocrinology

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Maternal undernutrition increases the risk of type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome later in life, particularly upon postnatal exposure to a high-energy diet. However, dysfunctions of, for example, the glucose-insulin axis are not readily detectable by conventional tests early in life, making it difficult to identify individuals at risk. Thus, other methods are required. We hypothesised that prenatally undernourished individuals (but not postnatally overnourished ones) are adapted to a life with limited food availability, which would be evident under conditions reflecting starvation, stress and short-term abundance of food. In this study, twinpregnant sheep were fed diets meeting 100% (NORM) or 50% (LOW) of energy and protein requirements during the last trimester. Twin offspring were fed either a normal moderate (CONV) diet or a high-carbohydrate-high-fat (HCHF) diet from 3 days to 6 months of age (approximately puberty) and the same moderate diet thereafter until 2 years of age (young adulthood; only females), resulting in four groups: NORM-CONV, LOW-CONV, NORM-HCHF and LOW-HCHF. At the age of 6 months and 2 years respectively, they were subjected to fasting and propionate (nutrient abundance) and adrenalin challenges. At 6 months of age, postnatal HCHF diet exposure caused metabolic alterations, reflecting hypertriglyceridaemia and altered pancreatic b-cell secretion. Irrespective of postnatal diet, prenatal undernutrition was found to be associated with unexpected endocrine responses of leptin, IGF1 and cortisol during fasting (lack of or the opposite response compared with the controls) in 2-year-old adults. In conclusion, a HCHF diet interfered with b-cell function, whereas maternal undernutrition did not lead to any changes in the LOW offspring, except to abnormal hormone responses, suggesting that fetal programming interferes with hypothalamic integration of important endocrine axis.

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Contribution of propionate to glucose synthesis in sheep

Cited by 166 publications

References 16 publications

Effects of Somatostatin and Glucagon on the Utilization of [2_14C] Propionate in Glucose Production in Vivo in Sheep

Effects of Somatostatin and Glucagon on the Utilization of [2_14C] Propionate in Glucose Production in Vivo in Sheep

Comparative Study on Digestion and Utilization of Diets Introduced into the Rumen and Abomasum of Goats

Pre- and postnatal nutrition in sheep affects β-cell secretion and hypothalamic control

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