Contribution of Rainfall on Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting and Saving on the Slopes of Mt. Elgon, East Africa

Barasa, Bernard; Asaba, Joyfred

doi:10.1155/2020/7196342

Cited by 20 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…As such, rainwater can provide a useful supplementary supply and important backup to the water supply system. The biggest obstacle to rainwater harvesting is the temporal variation and geographic locations of rainfall [37]. Although artificial rainfall seems to solve this problem, this technology is still controversial [38].…”

Section: Characterizing Supplementary Water Sources To Surface Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversifying Water Sources with Atmospheric Water Harvesting to Enhance Water Supply Resilience

Zhang

Liu²,

Li³

2022

Sustainability

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The unequivocal global warming has an explicit impact on the natural water cycle and resultantly leads to an increasing occurrence of extreme weather events which in turn bring challenges and unavoidable destruction to the urban water supply system. As such, diversifying water sources is a key solution to building the resilience of the water supply system. An atmospheric water harvesting can capture water out of the air and provide a point-of-use water source directly. Currently, a series of atmospheric water harvesting have been proposed and developed to provide water sources under various moisture content ranging from 30–80% with a maximum water collection rate of 200,000 L/day. In comparison to conventional water source alternatives, atmospheric water harvesting avoids the construction of storage and distribution grey infrastructure. However, the high price and low water generation rate make this technology unfavorable as a viable alternative to general potable water sources whereas it has advantages compared with bottled water in both cost and environmental impacts. Moreover, atmospheric water harvesting can also provide a particular solution in the agricultural sector in countries with poor irrigation infrastructure but moderate humidity. Overall, atmospheric water harvesting could provide communities and/or cities with an indiscriminate solution to enhance water supply resilience. Further research and efforts are needed to increase the water generation rate and reduce the cost, particularly via leveraging solar energy.

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Section: Characterizing Supplementary Water Sources To Surface Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversifying Water Sources with Atmospheric Water Harvesting to Enhance Water Supply Resilience

Zhang

Liu²,

Li³

2022

Sustainability

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“…The applicability of the rainfall intensity-duration-frequency curves and parameters for design of rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) could be useful to predict the efficiency of water saving for tropical climate regions (Sendanayake et al, 2014). The variability of tropical rainfall experienced in Uganda cannot meet the need of household water demands in dry season due to the design of an insufficient RWHS tank capacity cannot respond to the competitive use of water placed at risk by poor water management (Bernard & Joyfred, 2020). The implementation of RWHS continued to have a significant impact on the regional water cycle can reduce the risk of flooding and the cost of municipal drainage system installation and operation (Gado & El-Agha, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reliability and Economic Analysis of a Rainwater-Harvesting System for a Commercial Building with a Large Rooftop Area

Fulazzaky

Syafiuddin²,

Roestamy

et al. 2022

ACS EST Water

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The problem of water shortages faced by many countries including the country that having sufficient water source needs to be provided a practical engineering solution. The reliability analysis of rainwater harvesting system (RWHS) installed at the commercial building of AEON Taman Universiti located in Johor Barhu city of Malaysia was based on the rainfall pattern, rainwater use and rainwater storage tank. The economic analysis using the net present value (NPV), return on investment (ROI) and benefit-cost ratio (BCR) was performed to assess the optimal management of RWHS installed during the period of construction and retrofitted after the operation of commercial building. The results showed that the balance of water supply and demand is reliable to implement the RWHS and the optimal management of 1000-m 3 RWHS tank installed during the construction could be more promising than that retrofitted after the operation of AEON Taman Universiti commercial building. The operation of RWHS installed during the construction of building is obviously more feasible due to the values of NPV, ROI and BCR tend to be high. The reliability and economic analysis of RWHS installed during construction and that retrofitted after operation of commercial building demonstrated the benefit of RWHS installation will contribute to the future of building design for achieving an effective water management.

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“…RRWH is commonly adopted to support the insufficient conventional water resources in arid and semi-arid areas [19]. It is widely used in Pakistan [20], Kenya [21], East Africa [22], Ghana [23], Afghanistan [24], Zambia [25], Sri Lanka [26], Bangladesh [27], Iran [28], Egypt [29], and Jordan [19,30]. RRWH efficiency depends on many factors, including rainfall (RF) volume, patterns and distribution, catchment area, and catchment type [31,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rainwater Harvesting to Address Current and Forecasted Domestic Water Scarcity: Application to Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

Judeh

Shahrour

2021

Water

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This paper discusses the effectiveness of rooftops rainwater harvesting (RRWH) in addressing domestic water scarcity, emphasizing the West Bank (Palestine) as an example of arid to semi-arid areas with limited water resources. The paper deals with the actual and future water demand by considering climate-change impact and urban growth. The analysis is based on the evaluation of (i) the supply–demand balance index (SDBI), which designates the ratio between the total water supply (TWS) and total water demand (TWD), and (ii) the potential of RRWH. Applying this methodology to the West Bank shows that the potential RRWH can contribute by about 40 million cubic meters/year in 2020, which is approximately the same amount of water as the municipal water supply (42 million cubic meters/year). This contribution can effectively reduce the suffering governorates from 64% to 27% in 2020. Furthermore, it can support water-related decision-makers in the arid to semi-arid areas in formulating efficient and sustainable water resources strategies. The analysis also shows that the domestic water scarcity in 2050 will be worse than in 2020 for all governorates. For example, 73% of the West Bank governorates are expected to suffer from extreme to acute water scarcity in 2050 compared to 64% in 2020. Thus, RRWH appears to be highly efficient in mitigating the current and future domestic water scarcity in the West Bank.

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Contribution of Rainfall on Rooftop Rainwater Harvesting and Saving on the Slopes of Mt. Elgon, East Africa

Cited by 20 publications

References 27 publications

Diversifying Water Sources with Atmospheric Water Harvesting to Enhance Water Supply Resilience

Diversifying Water Sources with Atmospheric Water Harvesting to Enhance Water Supply Resilience

Reliability and Economic Analysis of a Rainwater-Harvesting System for a Commercial Building with a Large Rooftop Area

Rainwater Harvesting to Address Current and Forecasted Domestic Water Scarcity: Application to Arid and Semi-Arid Areas

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