Contribution of Residential PV and BESS to the Operational Flexibility at the TSO-DSO Interface

A comparative analysis of non-isolated Bi-directional converters for energy storage applications

“…As solar energy is intermittent in nature it requires ESS [22]. The RE based distributed energy systems include several types of ESS like battery, super capacitors, compressed air, and thermal energy storage [23][24][25].…”

Exploring Operational Flexibility of Active Distribution Networks with Low Observability

“…Therefore, OPF-based algorithms solve four MOOs for each flexibility area min(P T SO−DSO ) and min(Q T SO−DSO ), min(P T SO−DSO ) and max(Q T SO−DSO ), max(P T SO−DSO ) and min(Q T SO−DSO ), and max(P T SO−DSO ) and max(Q T SO−DSO ). These MOOs are solved with approaches such as the ϵ constraint method [7], [12], weighted sum method [4], and radial reconstruction-based method [3], [15].…”

Optimal Battery Energy Storage Dispatch in Energy and Frequency Regulation Markets While Peak Shaving an EV Fast Charging Station

“…In this way, the overall benefits of DSO and customers are not considered since one is given the priority [11]. In literature, BESS support in terms of voltage and reactive power control to DSO and TSO has been investigated [12]. However, the evaluation of the impact on the economic performance of BESS providing other services in distribution grids is missing.…”

“…Furthermore, the unceasing shift towards a more decentralized production has started shifting the attention to the distribution grid. The stochasticity of renewable generation assets, as well as the new electrified demand, such as EV charging and heat-pumps, has scaled up the necessity of providing flexibility to the distributed system operators (DSOs) [12]. Additionally, several studies have presented the benefits of deploying BESS in the premises of a FCS, or a RES plant [17]- [19].…”