Contribution of Serum Cytomegalovirus PCR to Diagnosis of Early CMV Primary Infection in Pregnant Women

Périllaud-Dubois, Claire; Bouthry, Elise; Mouna, Lina; Pirin, Christine; Vieux-Combe, Corinne; Picone, Olivier; Roque–Afonso, Anne–Marie; Vivanti, Alexandre J.; Vauloup‐Fellous, Christelle

doi:10.3390/v14102137

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Therefore, when early primary hCMV infection is suspected in a pregnant woman (before seroconversion and the appearance of testable IgG levels), polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based testing using a serum blood sample, or preferentially whole blood, can be performed to confirm primary infection. Up to day 15 of primary infection, hCMV PCR has a positive predictive value of 89% and 100% for tests performed on serum and whole blood samples, respectively [ 45 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmic Complications, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection

Modrzejewska,

Połubiński,

Zdanowska

2024

JCM

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Background: Human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) is the most common etiological agent of congenital infections seen in newborns. Among the most commonly observed complications in children with congenital human cytomegalovirus infection are those affecting the visual system. Ocular complications of congenital CMV (cCMV) are a topic rarely addressed in the literature, which prompted the authors to update the available knowledge with the latest data. Methodology: English-language literature published between April 2000 and November 2023 (PubMed, NIH, Google Scholar) was analyzed for ocular complications of cCMV. The data obtained were categorized according to the ocular area involved and the incidence. A compilation of criteria for the symptomatic form of cCMV was also created. Results: The cCMV complications described in the literature affect all parts of the visual system: the anterior segment, the posterior segment, the posterior visual pathways, and the visual cortex. The most commonly described ocular complication of cCMV is choroidal and retinal scarring. Conclusions: Ophthalmic complications of cCMV can cause severe visual disturbances. Ophthalmic diagnosis in newborns should include hCMV PCR testing, which has the highest sensitivity and specificity. In the symptomatic form of cCMV, treatment should be instituted according to recommendations. A consensus should be established for screening of primary hCMV infection in pregnant women, the way in which to define the symptomatic form of cCMV, and the appropriateness and standards of treatment for primary hCMV infection in pregnant women.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ophthalmic Complications, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection

Modrzejewska,

Połubiński,

Zdanowska

2024

JCM

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“…It is therefore likely that we underestimated PCR positivity rate. Our team recently highlighted performances and limits of CMV PCR in serum of immunocompetent patients [23]. By contrast to CMV positive-IgM, when CMV PCR is positive, whatever the viral load, NPI is confirmed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus Specific Serological and Molecular Markers in a Series of Pregnant Women with Cytomegalovirus Non Primary Infection

Périllaud-Dubois

Letamendia

Bouthry

et al. 2022

Viruses

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(1) Background: In a period where systematic screening of CMV during pregnancy is still debated, diagnosis of non primary infection (NPI) remains challenging and an obstacle to systematic screening. Our aim is to report kinetics of serological and molecular CMV markers of NPI. (2) Methods: We identified immunocompetent pregnant women with CMV NPI as women known to be seropositive for CMV before pregnancy who gave birth to cCMV infected infants. We performed CMV-IgG, CMV-IgM, CMV-IgG avidity and CMV PCR retrospectively on sequential serum samples collected during pregnancy. (3) Results: We collected 195 serum samples from 53 pregnant women with NPI during pregnancy. For 29/53 (55%) patients, no markers of active infection were observed (stable IgG titers, negative IgM and negative PCR). CMV PCR was positive in at least one serum for 18/53 (34%) patients and median viral load was 46 copies/mL, IQR (21–65). (4) Conclusions: For more than half of patients with confirmed CMV NPI during pregnancy, available diagnostic tools are liable to fail in detecting an active infection. These should therefore not be used and universal neonatal screening for CMV remains the only way to detect all cCMV infections.

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Indirect impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic on incidence of maternal primary cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy

Vasarri,

Fernicola,

Arienti

et al. 2024

Intl J Gynecology & Obste

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ObjectivePublic health interventions promoted during the SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic to control viral spread have impacted the occurrence of other communicable disease. Yet no studies have focused on perinatal infections with the potential for neonatal sequelae, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Toxoplasma gondii (TG). Here we investigate whether incidence rates of maternal primary CMV and TG infection in pregnancy were affected by the implementation of pandemic‐related public health measures.MethodsA retrospective study including all pregnant women with confirmed primary CMV or TG infection in pregnancy, managed between 2018 and 2021 at two university centers. The incidence rate was calculated as the number of CMV and TG infections per 100 consultations with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Data were compared between pre‐pandemic (2018–2019) and pandemic (2020 and 2021) years. The Newcombe Wilson with Continuity Correction method was employed to compare incidence rates.ResultsThe study population included 215 maternal primary CMV and 192 TG infections. Rate of maternal primary CMV infection decreased in 2021 compared with 2018–2019 (4.49% vs 6.40%, attributable risk [AR] 1.92, P = 0.019). By contrast, the rate of TG infection substantially increased in 2020 (6.95% vs 4.61%, AR 2.34, P = 0.006). Close contact with cats was more common among patients with TG infection in 2020 and 2021 than among pre‐pandemic TG‐infected women (26.3% and 24.4% vs 13.3%, P = 0.013).ConclusionPandemic‐related public health interventions and associated behavioral and lifestyle changes exerted a divergent effect on the incidence of primary CMV and TG infection in pregnancy, likely due to modulation of exposure to risk factors for these infections.

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Contribution of Serum Cytomegalovirus PCR to Diagnosis of Early CMV Primary Infection in Pregnant Women

Cited by 5 publications

References 22 publications

Ophthalmic Complications, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection

Ophthalmic Complications, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Congenital Human Cytomegalovirus Infection

Cytomegalovirus Specific Serological and Molecular Markers in a Series of Pregnant Women with Cytomegalovirus Non Primary Infection

Indirect impact of SARS‐CoV‐2 pandemic on incidence of maternal primary cytomegalovirus and Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnancy

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