Contribution of soil and foliar fertilization of nitrogen and sulfur on physiological and quality assessment of wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i> L.)

Abstract

Nitrogen and sulfur supplies have a strong influence on the physical characteristics of crop as well as on the quality and quantity of wheat storage proteins, which play an important role in bread-making process. In order to evaluate the contribution of soil and foliar fertilization of nitrogen and sulfur on physiological and quality assessment of wheat, a field trail was carried out having randomized complete block design with four replications and eight different treatments of nitrogen and sulfur combinations were allotted to plots at different growth stages. Results indicated that highest protein content (12.82%), maximum moisture content (10.9%), maximum crop growth rate and maximum absolute growth rate were recorded when the wheat crop was fertilized with T 8 [Nitrogen @ 60 kg•ha −1 at sowing + 40 kg•ha −1 at tillering + 10 kg•ha −1 at anthesis (spray) + 10 kg•ha −1 after anthesis (spray)] + [Sulfur @ 15 kg•ha −1 at sowing + 10 kg•ha −1 at anthesis (spray) + 5 kg•ha −1 after anthesis (spray)], while control practice resulted low moisture content, low protein, minimum crop growth rate and low absolute growth rate. Among physiological components of wheat cultivars, leaf area index was enhanced when fertilization was done with T 5 (Sulfur @ 15 kg•ha −1 at sowing + 10 kg•ha −1 at anthesis + 5 kg•ha −1 after anthesis). In all the recorded observations, concerning experiment wheat cultivar Pirsabaq-2005 showed appreciable response as compared with other variety (Khyber-87). Thus it is possible to obtain maximum physiological traits as well as bread-making quality of wheat through soil and foliar application of nitrogen and sulfur.

Differentiated Contribution of Minerals through Soil and Foliar Fertilization to the Winter Wheat Yield

“…In some cases, the yield differences were not statistically assured, which means that unilateral fertilization with foliar fertilizers presents a certain degree of uncertainty. Similar results were communicated also by [22,23], according to which, foliar fertilizers had the main influence of the quality of the wheat crop. The nutrient content in foliar fertilizers and the dilutions in which they are applied, as well as other bioactive products applied on the leaves, cause them to have an influence on the metabolic and enzymatic processes in plants that stimulate photosynthesis [24], synthesis and accumulation of carbohydrates [25,26], the increase of the protein content in beans [27,28].…”

Growth and yield variability of wheat as effected by split application of potassium and nitrogen

“…This is due to the fact that nitrogen promotes growth and development and enhances synthesis and accumulation of proteins, amino acids and enzymes which are responsible for cell division and cell elongation. The statement is in close conformity with Saeed et al (2012) [14] . Similar were the findings observed by Wagnan et al (2002) [21] , Akram et al…”

“…So to reduce the fixation of potassium and to increase its availability, split application of K according to the demand of a growing crop is the best agricultural technique. Timing of N application at preplanting, stem elongation, heading and flowering or by increasing the number of split applications improves the grain yield of wheat and tiller formation and survival of tillers, plant height, dry matter accumulation, LAI and chlorophyll content (Saeed et al, 2013 andAkram et al, 2014) [14,6] . Thus, the present study entitled "Growth and Yield Variability of Wheat as Effected by Split Application of Potassium and Nitrogen Under temperate Kashmir" was carried out during rabi seasons of (2020-2021 and 2021-2022) at KVK Budgam, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar with the following objective:  To study the effect of split application of potassium and nitrogen on growth and yield of wheat.…”

Physiological Growth Indices of Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum turgidum</i> L. Var. durum) as Affected by Rates of Blended and Nitrogen Fertilizers

“…and rate of processes like photosynthesis on cell division and cell elongation, and finally internode length. Soil applied with increased rates of N, increase internodes length which ultimately resulted in increased plant height also N application enhanced the overall vegetative growth of bread wheat [20]. In conformity with this result, nitrogen fertilizer rate increased from nil to 69 kg ha -1 , the plant height of bread wheat increased from 82.63 cm to 94.18 cm [21].…”